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Shloka 55

Bhīma–Duryodhana Gadāyuddha Saṃkalpa

Resolve for the Mace Duel

युधिछिर उवाच मा भूदियं तव प्रज्ञा कथमेवं सुयोधन । यदाभिमन्युं बहवो जघ्नुर्युधि महारथा:,युधिष्ठिने कहा--सुयोधन! जब तुम बहुत-से महारथियोंने मिलकर युद्धमें अभिमन्युको मारा था, उस समय तुम्हारे मनमें ऐसा विचार क्‍यों नहीं उत्पन्न हुआ?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | mā bhūd iyaṃ tava prajñā katham evaṃ suyodhana | yadābhimanyuṃ bahavo jaghnur yudhi mahārathāḥ ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—സുയോധനാ, ഇത്തരമൊരു ‘ബുദ്ധി’ നിനക്കുണ്ടാകരുത്; നീ ഇങ്ങനെ എങ്ങനെ പറയുന്നു? അനേകം മഹാരഥന്മാർ ഒന്നിച്ചു യുദ്ധത്തിൽ അഭിമന്യുവിനെ വധിച്ചപ്പോൾ, അപ്പോൾ നിനക്കിതേ ചിന്ത എന്തുകൊണ്ട് ഉദിച്ചില്ല?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
माnot (prohibitive)
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
भूत्be / become
भूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist (injunctive/optative sense under prohibition), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इयम्this
इयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you / your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
प्रज्ञाunderstanding, judgment
प्रज्ञा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रज्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
सुयोधनO Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
सुयोधन:
TypeNoun
Rootसुयोधन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
अभिमन्युम्Abhimanyu
अभिमन्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बहवःmany
बहवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जघ्नुःslew, killed
जघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Suyodhana (Duryodhana)
A
Abhimanyu
M
Mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

Ethical judgment must be consistent: one cannot condemn an act as unrighteous when it is done against oneself while excusing or forgetting the same act when one benefited from it. Yudhiṣṭhira exposes selective morality and calls for accountability in dharma.

Yudhiṣṭhira addresses Suyodhana (Duryodhana) and challenges his present stance by recalling a prior event: Abhimanyu was killed in battle by many great warriors acting together. He asks why Duryodhana did not entertain the same moral concern at that time.