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Shloka 48

Dvaipāyana-hrade Duryodhanasya Māyā — Yudhiṣṭhirasya Dharmoktiḥ (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 30)

ज्ञात: पापो धार्॑राष्ट्रो दृष्टश्वेत्यसकृद्रणे । प्राक्रोशन्‌ सोमकास्तत्र हृष्टरूपा: समन्‍्ततः,हर्षमें भरे हुए सोमकवीर रणभूमिमें सब ओर पुकार-पुकारकर कहने लगे “धृतराष्ट्रके पापी पुत्रका पता लग गया और उसे देख लिया गया”

jñātaḥ pāpo dhārtarāṣṭro dṛṣṭaś cety asakṛd raṇe | prākrośan somakās tatra hṛṣṭarūpāḥ samantataḥ ||

യുദ്ധമദ്ധ്യേ സോമകർ ആഹ്ലാദത്തോടെ എല്ലാടവും വീണ്ടും വീണ്ടും വിളിച്ചു—“ധൃതരാഷ്ട്രന്റെ പാപപുത്രനെ തിരിച്ചറിഞ്ഞു; അവനെ കണ്ടുകിട്ടി!”

ज्ञातःknown / found out
ज्ञातः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु) → ज्ञात (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत् (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पापःsinful, wicked
पापः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
धार्तराष्ट्रःthe son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a Kaurava)
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
दृष्टःseen
दृष्टः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत् (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
असकृत्again and again, repeatedly
असकृत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसकृत् (अव्यय)
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
प्राक्रोशन्they shouted / cried out
प्राक्रोशन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√क्रुश् (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
सोमकाःthe Somakas (warriors/people of Somaka line)
सोमकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसोमक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
हृष्ट-रूपाःwith delighted appearance, joyful-looking
हृष्ट-रूपाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहृष्ट (कृदन्त/विशेषण) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
समन्ततःon all sides, all around
समन्ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः (अव्यय)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhārtarāṣṭra (a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; Kaurava prince)
S
Somakas
R
raṇa (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, actions acquire moral labels and public consequences: a combatant deemed ‘pāpa’ becomes a target not only strategically but ethically, and his exposure is treated as a vindication of the opposing side’s sense of righteousness.

On the battlefield, the Somaka warriors recognize and spot a particular Kaurava prince (a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra). Rejoicing, they repeatedly shout the news in all directions, signaling both discovery and imminent pursuit.