Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

Dvaipāyana-hrade Duryodhanasya Māyā — Yudhiṣṭhirasya Dharmoktiḥ (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 30)

मा सम यज्ञकृतां प्रीतिमाप्तुयां सज्जनोचिताम्‌ । यदीमां रजनी व्युष्टां न हि हन्मि परान्‌ रणे

mā sama-yajñakṛtāṁ prītim āptuyāṁ sajjanocitām | yadīmāṁ rajanīṁ vyuṣṭāṁ na hi hanmi parān raṇe ||

ഈ രാത്രി കഴിഞ്ഞ് പ്രഭാതമായിട്ടും ഞാൻ യുദ്ധത്തിൽ ശത്രുക്കളെ വധിക്കാതിരുന്നാൽ, യജ്ഞം ചെയ്തവർക്ക് ലഭിക്കുന്നതുപോലെയുള്ള സജ്ജനോചിതമായ ആ തൃപ്തി എനിക്ക് ലഭിക്കാതിരിക്കട്ടെ.

माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
FormProhibitive particle used with injunctive/imperative sense
सम्fully, completely (as preverb)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
FormUpasarga (preverb)
यज्ञकृताम्of the sacrificers / of those who perform sacrifices
यज्ञकृताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञकृत्
FormMasculine, Genitive plural
प्रीतिम्delight, satisfaction, favor
प्रीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति
FormFeminine, Accusative singular
आप्तुयाम्I should obtain / may I attain
आप्तुयाम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormOptative (vidhiling), 1st person singular, Parasmaipada; with preverb सम्-
सज्जनोचिताम्befitting a good man
सज्जनोचिताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसज्जनोचित
FormFeminine, Accusative singular (agreeing with प्रीतिम्)
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
FormConditional particle
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative singular
रजनीम्night
रजनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरजनी
FormFeminine, Accusative singular
व्युष्टाम्dawned, ended (i.e., when the night has passed)
व्युष्टाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्युष्ट
FormFeminine, Accusative singular; past passive participle of √वस् (to dawn/shine) with vi- (vy-)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormNegation
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
FormEmphatic/causal particle
हन्मिI kill / I slay
हन्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent indicative, 1st person singular, Parasmaipada
परान्others, enemies
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
पराः/परान् (the enemies/foes)
रजनी (night)
यज्ञ (sacrifice, as ethical exemplar)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames martial resolve in ethical terms: true satisfaction worthy of the virtuous is not mere pleasure but the inner approval that comes from fulfilling one’s vowed duty—here, the duty to confront the foe once the decisive moment (dawn) arrives.

Sañjaya reports a warrior’s intense determination: he invokes a self-imprecation—renouncing the ‘noble joy’ likened to sacrificial merit—unless, after this night ends, he engages decisively and strikes the enemy in the coming battle.