Shloka 3

Adhyaya 11 — Draupadī’s Grief, Demand for Justice, and Bhīma’s Departure

Devanagari script

तमश्रुपरिपूर्णाक्ष॑ं वेपमानमचेतसम्‌ । सुहृदो भृशसंविग्ना: सान्त्वयाज्चक्रिरे तदा

Transliteration

tam aśru-paripūrṇākṣaṃ vepamānam acetasaṃ | suhṛdo bhṛśa-saṃvignāḥ sāntvayāṃ cakrire tadā ||

Translation

അവന്റെ കണ്ണുകൾ കണ്ണീരാൽ നിറഞ്ഞു; ശരീരം വിറച്ചു, ബോധം ക്ഷയിക്കുവാൻ തുടങ്ങി. അവനെ അങ്ങനെ കണ്ട സുഹൃത്തുക്കൾ അത്യന്തം വ്യാകുലരായി, അപ്പോൾ തന്നെ അവനെ ആശ്വസിപ്പിക്കാൻ തുടങ്ങി.

Word by Word

• तमः-श्रु-परिपूर्ण-अक्षम्: having eyes completely filled with dark tears
• तमः-श्रु-परिपूर्ण-अक्षम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तमस् + अश्रु + परिपूर्ण + अक्ष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वेपमानम्: trembling
• वेपमानम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वेप्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• अचेतसम्: unconscious / senseless
• अचेतसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अचेतस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सुहृदः: friends / well-wishers
• सुहृदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुहृद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भृशम्: exceedingly
• भृशम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम्

• संविग्नाः: distressed / agitated
• संविग्नाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संविग्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

• सान्त्वयाम्: consolation
• सान्त्वयाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सान्त्वना
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• चक्रिरे: they did / they offered
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana (narrator)
• suhṛdaḥ (well-wishers/friends)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid the harsh logic of war, the epic foregrounds a dharmic response to suffering: when a person collapses under grief and shock, the immediate duty of those nearby is compassion—comforting, steadying, and restoring presence of mind.

What is happening in the narrative?

A person (contextually, someone in the war’s aftermath) is overwhelmed—eyes brimming with tears, trembling, and losing awareness. His close companions, themselves deeply shaken, attempt to console him at that moment.