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Shloka 5

Adhyāya 59: Vidura’s Admonition to Duryodhana after the Summons of Draupadī (सभा पर्व)

युधिछिर उवाच निकृतिर्देवनं पापं न क्षात्रो5त्र पराक्रम: । न च नीतिर्धुवा राजन कि त्वं द्यूत॑ प्रशंभसि,युधिष्ठिरने कहा--राजन्‌! जूआ तो एक प्रकारका छल है तथा पापका कारण है! इसमें न तो क्षत्रियोचित पराक्रम दिखाया जा सकता है और न इसकी कोई निश्चित नीति ही है। फिर तुम द्यूतकी प्रशंसा क्यों करते हो?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | nikṛtir dyūtanaṃ pāpaṃ na kṣātro ’tra parākramaḥ | na ca nītir dhruvā rājan kiṃ tvaṃ dyūtaṃ praśaṃsasi ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു— രാജൻ! ദ്യൂതം വഞ്ചനയാണ്; അത് പാപത്തിന് കാരണമാകുന്നു. അതിൽ ക്ഷത്രിയന്റെ പരാക്രമം പ്രകടമാകുന്നില്ല; സ്ഥിരമായ നീതിയും ഇല്ല. പിന്നെ നീ എന്തിന് ഈ പാശക്രീഡയെ പ്രശംസിക്കുന്നു?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
निकृतिःdeceit, fraud
निकृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिकृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
देवनम्gambling, play (with dice)
देवनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पापम्sinful, evil
पापम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्षात्रःkṣatriya-like, martial
क्षात्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षात्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्रhere, in this (matter)
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
पराक्रमःvalor, prowess
पराक्रमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नीतिःpolicy, right conduct, rule
नीतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनीति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ध्रुवाfixed, certain
ध्रुवा:
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
किम्why?, what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormNominative, Singular
द्यूतम्gambling (dice-play)
द्यूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रशंससिyou praise
प्रशंससि:
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Yudhiṣṭhira argues that gambling is inherently deceptive and morally harmful, lacking both the honorable arena for Kṣatriya courage and any stable ethical framework; therefore it should not be praised.

In the Sabha Parva context of the impending dice match, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses the king and challenges the glorification of dice-play, warning that it is rooted in trickery and leads to adharma.