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Shloka 19

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Duryodhana Saṃvāda on Restraint and Rājānīti

Chapter 50

सर्वा च पृथिवीं चैव युधिष्ठिरवशानुगाम्‌ । स्थिरो5स्मि यो5हं जीवामि दुःखादेतद्‌ ब्रवीमि ते,सारी पृथ्वी युधिष्ठिरके अधीन हो गयी है; फिर भी मैं पाषाणतुल्य हूँ, जो कि ऐसा दुःख प्राप्त होनेपर भी जीवित हूँ और आपसे बातें करता हूँ

sarvā ca pṛthivīṃ caiva yudhiṣṭhiravaśānugām | sthiro 'smi yo 'haṃ jīvāmi duḥkhād etad bravīmi te ||

ദുര്യോധനൻ പറയുന്നു—സകല ഭൂമിയും യുധിഷ്ഠിരന്റെ വശത്തിലായി അവന്റെ ഇച്ഛാനുസരണം നടക്കുന്നു. എന്നിട്ടും ഞാൻ കല്ലുപോലെ അചഞ്ചലൻ—ഇത്ര ദുഃഖത്തിലും ജീവിച്ചിരിച്ച് നിന്നോട് ഈ വാക്കുകൾ പറയുന്നു.

सर्वाम्entire
सर्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
युधिष्ठिर-वश-अनुगाम्following the control/authority of Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर-वश-अनुगाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयुधिष्ठिरवशानुगा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
स्थिरःfirm/steadfast (like a rock)
स्थिरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, First, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
जीवामिI live / remain alive
जीवामि:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, First, Singular
दुःखात्from/after (such) sorrow
दुःखात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रवीमिI say / I speak
ब्रवीमि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormPresent, First, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pṛthivī (the earth/kingdom)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how envy and wounded pride can make a person interpret another’s rightful success as unbearable personal loss. Ethically, it warns that inner vices—especially jealousy—distort judgment and prevent acceptance, gratitude, and self-restraint.

In the aftermath of Yudhiṣṭhira’s rise in power and prestige, Duryodhana voices his anguish and resentment, emphasizing that even though Yudhiṣṭhira now commands the whole realm, he (Duryodhana) remains grimly alive and speaking despite the pain—signaling the brewing hostility that will later drive the conflict.