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Shloka 89

Nāradasya Rājadharma-praśnāḥ

Nārada’s Examination of Royal Ethics

कच्चिद्‌ दण्ड्येषु यमवत्पूज्येषु च विशाम्पते । परीक्ष्य वर्तसे सम्यगप्रियेषु प्रियेषु च,महाराज! क्‍या तुम दण्डनीय अपराधियोंके प्रति यमराज और पूजनीय पुरुषोंके प्रति धर्मराजका-सा बर्ताव करते हो? प्रिय एवं अप्रिय व्यक्तियोंकी भलीभाँति परीक्षा करके ही व्यवहार करते हो न?

kaccid daṇḍyeṣu yamavat pūjyeṣu ca viśāmpate | parīkṣya vartase samyak apriyeṣu priyeṣu ca ||

നാരദൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ ജനാധിപനായ രാജാവേ! ശിക്ഷാർഹരോടു യമനെപ്പോലെ കർശനമായും, പൂജ്യരോടു ധർമ്മരാജനെപ്പോലെ ആദരവോടെയും നീ പെരുമാറുന്നുണ്ടോ? പ്രിയരോടും അപ്രിയരോടും യഥാവിധി പരിശോധിച്ചശേഷം മാത്രമേ നീ ശരിയായി ഇടപെടുന്നുള്ളോ?

कच्चित्whether (indeed)?
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
दण्ड्येषुamong/with those who are punishable
दण्ड्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदण्ड्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
यमवत्like Yama
यमवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयमवत्
पूज्येषुamong/with those who are worthy of honor
पूज्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूज्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशाम्of the people/subjects
विशाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परीक्ष्यhaving examined
परीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरीक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
वर्तसेyou conduct yourself / you behave
वर्तसे:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
सम्यक्properly, rightly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
अप्रियेषुamong/with the disliked (persons)
अप्रियेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रिय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
प्रियेषुamong/with the liked (persons)
प्रियेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
Y
Yama
D
Dharmarāja

Educational Q&A

A ruler must be impartial: punish the punishable with Yama-like firmness, honor the worthy with Dharmarāja-like righteousness, and act only after careful examination—without bias toward favorites or against disliked persons.

Nārada addresses the king with a series of ‘kaccit’ questions typical of counsel literature, probing whether the king’s administration of justice and distribution of honor are grounded in dharma rather than personal likes and dislikes.