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Shloka 101

Nāradasya Rājadharma-praśnāḥ

Nārada’s Examination of Royal Ethics

कच्चिज्ज्ञातीन्‌ गुरून्‌ वृद्धान्‌ दैवतांस्तापसानपि । चैत्यांश्व॒ वृक्षान्‌ कल्याणान्‌ ब्राह्मणांश्न नमस्यसि,जाति-भाई, गुरुजन, वृद्ध पुरुष, देवता, तपस्वी, चैत्यवृक्ष (पीपल) आदि तथा कल्याणकारी ब्राह्मणोंको नमस्कार तो करते हो न?

kaccij jñātīn gurūn vṛddhān daivatāṁs tāpasān api | caityāṁś ca vṛkṣān kalyāṇān brāhmaṇāṁś ca namasyasi ||

നാരദൻ പറഞ്ഞു—നിന്റെ ബന്ധുക്കൾക്കും ഗുരുക്കന്മാർക്കും വൃദ്ധന്മാർക്കും, ദേവന്മാർക്കും തപസ്വികൾക്കും; അതുപോലെ ചൈത്യസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾക്കും പുണ്യവൃക്ഷങ്ങൾക്കും, കല്യാണകരമായ ബ്രാഹ്മണർക്കും നീ യഥോചിതമായി നമസ്കരിക്കുന്നുണ്ടോ?

कच्चित्whether/indeed (I ask)
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
Forminterrogative particle
ज्ञातीन्kinsmen/relatives
ज्ञातीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
गुरून्elders/teachers
गुरून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
वृद्धान्aged (persons)
वृद्धान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
दैवतान्deities/divine beings
दैवतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
तापसान्ascetics
तापसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतापस
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formparticle
चैत्यान्sacred shrines/holy objects
चैत्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचैत्य
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
वृक्षान्trees
वृक्षान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
कल्याणान्auspicious/beneficent
कल्याणान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकल्याण
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
ब्राह्मणान्Brahmins
ब्राह्मणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
नमस्यसिyou bow to / you pay homage
नमस्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootनमस् (धातु: नम्)
Formpresent (लट्), 2nd person, singular, parasmaipada

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
J
jñāti (kinsmen)
G
guru (teachers)
V
vṛddha (elders)
D
daivatā (deities)
T
tāpasa (ascetics)
C
caitya (shrine/sacred place)
V
vṛkṣa (sacred/auspicious trees)
B
brāhmaṇa (Brahmins)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that righteous governance and personal dharma begin with humility and reverence—regularly honoring one’s relatives, teachers, elders, deities, ascetics, sacred places, and Brahmins. Such acts sustain social harmony, invite auspiciousness, and restrain pride.

Nārada is examining the king’s conduct through a series of ‘kaccit’ questions—checking whether he maintains foundational duties of respect and worship. The inquiry functions as a moral audit of the ruler’s daily discipline and adherence to dharma.