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Shloka 32

Bhīṣma–Śiśupāla-saṃvādaḥ

Bhishma and Shishupala’s exchange in the assembly

धर्म चरत माधर्ममिति तस्य वच: किल । पक्षिण: शुश्रुवुर्भीष्म सततं सत्यवादिन:,पूर्वकालकी बात है, समुद्रके निकट कोई बूढ़ा हंस रहता था। वह धर्मकी बातें करता; परंतु उसका आचरण ठीक उसके विपरीत होता था। वह पक्षियोंको सदा यह उपदेश किया करता कि धर्म करो, अधर्मसे दूर रहो। सदा सत्य बोलनेवाले उस हंसके मुखसे दूसरे-दूसरे पक्षी यही उपदेश सुना करते थे

dharmaṁ carata mādharmam iti tasya vacaḥ kila | pakṣiṇaḥ śuśruvur bhīṣma satataṁ satyavādinaḥ ||

“ധർമ്മം ആചരിക്കൂ; അധർമ്മം ചെയ്യരുത്”—ഇതായിരുന്നു അവന്റെ വാക്ക്. ഭീഷ്മാ, സത്യവാദിയെന്നു പറയപ്പെടുന്ന ആ ഹംസത്തിന്റെ വായിൽ നിന്ന് പക്ഷികൾ വീണ്ടും വീണ്ടും അതേ ഉപദേശം കേട്ടിരുന്നു.

धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चरत्practising, behaving (as one who does)
चरत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अधर्मम्unrighteousness, adharma
अधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तस्यof him/its
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वचःspeech, saying, words
वचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
किलindeed, it is said (hearsay/emphasis)
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
पक्षिणःbirds
पक्षिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शुश्रुवुःheard
शुश्रुवुः:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
भीष्मO Bhishma
भीष्म:
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सततम्always, continually
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
सत्यवादिनःtruth-speaking (ones)
सत्यवादिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

शिशुपाल उवाच

Ś
Śiśupāla
B
Bhīṣma
P
pakṣiṇaḥ (birds)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between preaching and practice: exhortations to dharma are hollow if one’s own conduct contradicts them. It implicitly critiques moral hypocrisy—being a ‘truth-speaker’ in words is not the same as being righteous in action.

Śiśupāla addresses Bhīṣma and introduces a proverbial account: a figure repeatedly tells others (here, birds) to follow dharma and avoid adharma. The surrounding story context (as commonly explained in the tradition) underscores that the speaker’s behavior does not match his advice, setting up a moral comparison or rebuke.