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Shloka 63

ततः प्रयाता: कुरवो जवेन श्रुत्वैव शड्खस्वनमीर्यमाणम्‌ । विहाय मद्राधिपतिं पतिं च दुर्योधनं भारत भारतानाम्‌,भारत! उस शंखध्वनिको सुनते ही समस्त कौरवयोद्धा मद्रराज शल्य तथा भरतवंशियोंके अधिपति दुर्योधनको वहीं छोड़कर वेगपूर्वक भागने लगे

tataḥ prayātāḥ kuravo javena śrutvaiva śaṅkhasvanam īryamāṇam | vihāya madrādhipatiṁ patiṁ ca duryodhanaṁ bhārata bhāratānām ||

ഭാരതാ! ആ ശംഖധ്വനി കേട്ടയുടൻ തന്നെ എല്ലാ കൗരവയോദ്ധാക്കളും വേഗത്തിൽ ഓടിപ്പോയി; മദ്രാധിപൻ ശല്യനെയും ഭാരതന്മാരുടെ അധിപനായ ദുര്യോധനനെയും അവിടെത്തന്നെ ഉപേക്ഷിച്ചു.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
प्रयाताःhaving departed / having fled
प्रयाताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु: या)
Formpast (perfective sense), plural, masculine, nominative
कुरवःthe Kurus (Kaurava warriors)
कुरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
जवेनwith speed, swiftly
जवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजव
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु: श्रु)
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा)
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
शङ्ख-स्वनम्the sound of a conch
शङ्ख-स्वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख + स्वन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
ईर्यमाणम्being raised/sounded (being made to resound)
ईर्यमाणम्:
TypeVerb
Rootईर् (धातु: ईर्) / ईरय् (causative sense)
Formpresent passive participle, masculine, accusative, singular
विहायhaving abandoned, leaving behind
विहाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-हा (धातु: हा)
Formabsolutive (ल्यप्/क्त्वा sense)
मद्र-अधिपतिम्the lord of Madra (Shalya)
मद्र-अधिपतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र + अधिपति
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पतिम्the lord, master
पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
भारतानाम्of the Bharatas
भारतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

शल्य उवाच

Ś
Śalya
K
Kuru/Kaurava warriors
M
Madra (kingdom)
D
Duryodhana
C
Conch (śaṅkha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical collapse that fear can cause in war: when morale breaks, even proclaimed loyalty to king and commander fails. It implicitly contrasts true kṣatriya-dharma—steadfastness and protection of one’s leader—with panic-driven abandonment.

A conch is sounded on the battlefield; at that signal the Kuru troops lose heart and flee rapidly, leaving behind both Śalya (the Madra king allied with them) and their own ruler Duryodhana.