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Shloka 90

अध्याय ९ — कर्णस्य प्रहारः, योधयुग्मनियोजनम्, शैनेय-कैकेययोर्युद्धविन्यासः

के कर्ण न जहु: शूरा: के क्षुद्रा: प्राद्रवंस्तत: । कथ॑ं च व: समेतानां हत: कर्णो महारथ:

ke karṇa na jahuḥ śūrāḥ ke kṣudrāḥ prādravan tataḥ | kathaṃ ca vaḥ sametānāṃ hataḥ karṇo mahārathaḥ ||

കർണനെ വിട്ടുപോകാതെ നിന്ന ശൂരന്മാർ ആരൊക്കെയായിരുന്നു? അവിടെ നിന്ന് ഓടിപ്പോയ ക്ഷുദ്രന്മാർ ആരൊക്കെയായിരുന്നു? നിങ്ങൾ എല്ലാവരും ഒന്നിച്ചു ചേർന്ന് യുദ്ധം ചെയ്തുകൊണ്ടിരിക്കെ മഹാരഥൻ കർണൻ എങ്ങനെ വധിക്കപ്പെട്ടു?

केwhich (persons)? who (among them)?
के:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कर्णO Karna
कर्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जहुःabandoned, left
जहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (जहाति)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
शूराःheroes, brave men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केwhich (persons)? who?
के:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षुद्राःbase, mean, cowardly
क्षुद्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्राद्रवन्ran away, fled
प्राद्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + द्रु (द्रवति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
ततःthen; from there; thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वःof you (all)
वः:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
समेतानाम्of (you) assembled, united
समेतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + इ (समेति) → समेत (PPP)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
हतःslain, killed
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् → हत (PPP)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Karna

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts steadfast courage with ignoble flight, implying an ethical evaluation of conduct in crisis: true valor is shown by loyalty and perseverance, while cowardice fractures collective strength. It also raises the moral puzzle of how even a ‘mahāratha’ can fall despite allied support, pointing to the limits of mere numbers against destiny, strategy, and dharma.

Vaiśampāyana, narrating the war events, asks for a detailed account surrounding Karṇa’s final moments: which warriors remained with him, which soldiers fled, and by what circumstances Karṇa was killed even though his side was fighting in a gathered formation.