Shloka 44
Devanagari script
विषमं च सम॑ चैव हतैरश्चपदातिभि:
Transliteration
viṣamaṃ ca samaṃ caiva hatair aśva-padātibhiḥ
Translation
സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—വധിക്കപ്പെട്ട കുതിരകളും പാദാതികളും വീണുകിടന്നതിനാൽ ഭൂമി എവിടെയോ കുഴിഞ്ഞും ഉയർന്നും, എവിടെയോ സമമായും—എല്ലാടവും ചവിട്ടിമറിഞ്ഞ് അസ്ഥിരമായി।
Word by Word
विषमम्uneven, irregular
विषमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
समम्even, level
समम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हतैःby the slain (killed ones)
हतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootहत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वhorse
अश्व:
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member), —
पदातिभिःby foot-soldiers
पदातिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaH
horses (aśva)F
foot-soldiers (padāti)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores the moral and existential cost of war: slaughter reduces the battlefield to a featureless ruin where distinctions (even/uneven, order/disorder) collapse—hinting at the leveling power of death and the heavy karmic weight of violence.
Sañjaya describes the battlefield’s condition during the fighting: it is littered with the slain—horses and infantry—so that the terrain appears both uneven and level, trampled and transformed by the carnage.