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Shloka 293

कर्णवधोत्तरं शल्य-दुर्योधनसंवादः

Aftermath of Karṇa’s Fall: Śalya’s Address to Duryodhana

तत्‌ ते श्रेयो राजपुत्राभविष्य- न्न चेत्‌ संग्रामादपयानं दुरात्मन्‌ । “दुरात्मा राजपुत्र! यदि तुम पाँचवें महीनेमें माताके गर्भसे गिर गये होते अथवा माता कुन्तीके अत्यन्त कष्टदायक गर्भमें आये ही नहीं होते तो वह तुम्हारे लिये अच्छा होता; क्योंकि उस दशामें तुम्हें युद्धलोे भाग आनेका कलंक तो नहीं प्राप्त होता

tat te śreyo rājaputrābhaviṣyan na cet saṅgrāmād apayānaṁ durātman

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ രാജപുത്രാ, ഇതുതന്നെ നിനക്കു ശ്രേയസ്കരം; നീ യഥാർത്ഥ ശ്രേയസ്സിനെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കുന്നില്ലെങ്കിൽ, ഹേ ദുർമനസ്സേ, യുദ്ധത്തിൽ നിന്ന് പിന്മാറരുത്.

तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तेfor you / your
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular
श्रेयःbetter; welfare
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
राजपुत्रO prince
राजपुत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अभविष्यत्would be / would have been
अभविष्यत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormConditional (Potential past; lṛṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
संग्रामात्from battle
संग्रामात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अपयानम्withdrawal; retreat
अपयानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपयान
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
दुरात्मन्O evil-minded one
दुरात्मन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
rājaputra (the addressed prince)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts śreyas (the truly beneficial, morally right course) with apayāna (retreat). In the epic’s kṣatriya-ethic, abandoning the fight—especially when duty calls—is treated as dishonor and a lapse in dharma.

Sañjaya reports a harsh admonition directed at a prince on the battlefield, warning him that if he will not choose the better path, he must not turn away from combat; the speech functions to shame and restrain any impulse to flee.