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Shloka 39

कर्णार्जुनसमागमः — The Karṇa–Arjuna Confrontation

Cosmic Spectatorship and Vows

अथोत्क्रुष्ट महाराज पाण्डवैर्जितकाशिभि: । धार्रराष्ट्रबलं दृष्टवा विद्रुतं वै समन्‍्ततः,महाराज! दुर्योधनकी सेनाको सब ओर भागती देख विजयसे उल्लसित होनेवाले पाण्डव जोर-जोरसे सिंहनाद करने लगे

athotkruṣṭa mahārāja pāṇḍavair jitakāśibhiḥ | dhārtarāṣṭrabalaṃ dṛṣṭvā vidrutaṃ vai samantataḥ ||

മഹാരാജാ! വിജയോന്മാദത്തോടെ പാണ്ഡവർ ധൃതരാഷ്ട്രപക്ഷസൈന്യം എല്ലാദിക്കിലും ഓടിപ്പോകുന്നത് കണ്ടപ്പോൾ, അവർ സിംഹനാദംപോലെ ഉച്ചത്തിൽ ജയഘോഷം മുഴക്കി.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
उत्क्रुष्टthey shouted aloud
उत्क्रुष्ट:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्क्रुष्ट (उत्+√क्रुश्)
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
महाराजO king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
पाण्डवैःby the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
जितकाशिभिःby those of conquered splendor (victorious)
जितकाशिभिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजितकाशि
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
धार्तराष्ट्रबलम्the Dhartarashtra army
धार्तराष्ट्रबलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्रबल
Formneuter, accusative, singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृष्ट्वा (√दृश्)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
विद्रुतम्fled, in flight
विद्रुतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्रुत (वि+√द्रु)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
समन्ततःon all sides
समन्ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dhārtarāṣṭra forces (Kaurava army)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the psychological dimension of dharma-yuddha: when an unrighteous or weakened force breaks and flees, the opposing side’s confidence surges. Yet the epic context cautions that triumph in war is morally complex—victory brings elation, but it unfolds within a catastrophic conflict among kin.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava host is seen fleeing in all directions. Observing this rout, the Pāṇḍavas, thrilled by their advantage, shout loudly and roar like lions in celebration and intimidation.