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Shloka 39

अध्याय ६० — कर्णस्य पाञ्चाल-सोमक-निग्रहः

Karna’s Suppression of the Panchala–Somaka Forces

तत:ः शरसहस्रेण तावुभौ पुरुषर्षभौ । अन्योन्यमाच्छादयतामथो5भज्यत वाहिनी,तदनन्तर उन दोनों नरश्रेष्ठ वीरोंने सहस्रों बाणोंद्वारा एक-दूसरेको आच्छादित कर दिया। इसी समय कौरव-सेनामें भगदड़ मच गयी

tataḥ śara-sahasreṇa tāv ubhau puruṣarṣabhau | anyonyam ācchādayatām atho 'bhajyata vāhinī ||

അപ്പോൾ ആ രണ്ടു നരശ്രേഷ്ഠ വീരന്മാർ ആയിരക്കണക്കിന് അമ്പുകളാൽ പരസ്പരം മൂടി. അതേ നിമിഷം കൗരവസേനയിൽ കലഹം പൊട്ടിപ്പുറപ്പെട്ടു, സൈന്യനിരകൾ പിളരാൻ തുടങ്ങി.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (तसिल्-प्रत्ययार्थः: 'from/then')
शर-सहस्रेणwith a thousand arrows
शर-सहस्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर-सहस्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, द्विवचन
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, द्विवचन
पुरुष-ऋषभौbulls among men (best of men)
पुरुष-ऋषभौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष-ऋषभ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, द्विवचन
अन्योन्यम्each other / mutually
अन्योन्यम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
Formअव्यय (परस्परार्थे)
आच्छादयताम्they covered (concealed)
आच्छादयताम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-छद्
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन
अथthen/and then
अथ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
Formअव्यय
अभज्यतbroke up / was shattered / was thrown into disorder
अभज्यत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभज्
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
वाहिनीthe army
वाहिनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाहिनी
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
two unnamed heroes (puruṣarṣabhau)
A
arrows (śara)
K
Kaurava army (vāhinī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethic and reality: the duel of leading warriors can determine the spirit of an entire army. When champions meet with overwhelming force, the wider host may lose cohesion, reminding readers that collective stability depends on leadership, courage, and disciplined order (dharma of the army).

Sañjaya describes two foremost heroes exchanging massive volleys of arrows, each obscuring the other. As their clash intensifies, the Kaurava formation breaks and panic spreads, producing a rout within the army.