Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 11

कृष्णोपदेशः, अर्जुनस्य क्षमा-याचनम्, कर्णवध-अनुज्ञा

Krishna’s Counsel, Arjuna’s Apology, and Authorization for Karṇa’s Slaying

तेषामापततां क्षिप्रं सुतानां ते जनाधिप । रथै: पञ्चाशता सार्थ पज्चाशदहनद्‌ रथान्‌

teṣām āpatatāṁ kṣipraṁ sutānāṁ te janādhipa | rathaiḥ pañcāśatā sārtha pañcāśad ahanad rathān ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ ജനാധിപാ! നിന്റെ പുത്രന്മാർ വേഗത്തിൽ പാഞ്ഞെത്തിയപ്പോൾ, അവൻ തന്റെ സംഘത്തോടൊപ്പം അമ്പത് രഥങ്ങളാൽ അമ്പത് രഥങ്ങളെ തകർത്തു വീഴ്ത്തി.

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
आपतताम्were rushing/charging (towards)
आपतताम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ + पत्
Formpresent, third, plural, parasmaipada, indicative
क्षिप्रम्quickly
क्षिप्रम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
सुतानाम्of the sons
सुतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
जनाधिपO king (lord of people)
जनाधिप:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootजनाधिप
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
रथैःwith chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
पञ्चाशताby a group of fifty
पञ्चाशता:
Karana
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootपञ्चाशत्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
सार्थम्together/along with (in a troop)
सार्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्थ
पञ्चाशत्fifty
पञ्चाशत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootपञ्चाशत्
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
अहनत्struck down/killed
अहनत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formimperfect, third, singular, parasmaipada
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, accusative, plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
J
Janādhipa (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, addressed as king)
S
sons (sutāḥ, unspecified)
C
chariots (rathāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, prowess and coordinated force can rapidly translate into large-scale destruction; it implicitly warns that power used in conflict reduces lives and achievements to mere counts, pressing rulers to reflect on responsibility for the carnage.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that as the (enemy) sons rushed forward swiftly, a warrior force acting together used fifty chariots to destroy fifty opposing chariots—an image of swift, efficient battlefield slaughter.