Shloka 10

Śalya Appointed as Karṇa’s Sārathi; Discourse on Praise, Blame, and Beneficial Counsel (कर्णस्य शल्यसारथ्यं तथा स्तवनिन्दाविचारः)

Devanagari script

विनिः:श्वस्य तत: क्रोधात्‌ कृप: शारद्वतो नृप

Transliteration

viniḥśvasya tataḥ krodhāt kṛpaḥ śāradvato nṛpa

Translation

അപ്പോൾ, ഹേ രാജാവേ, ശാരദ്വതപുത്രൻ കൃപൻ ക്രോധത്താൽ ഉത്തേജിതനായി കനത്ത നിശ്വാസം വിട്ടു.

Word by Word

• विनिःश्वस्य: sighed out, breathed heavily
• विनिःश्वस्य: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: विनिः-श्वस् (धातु √श्वस्)
• Form: लुङ् (Aorist), 3, Singular, परस्मैपद

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)

• क्रोधात्: from anger, out of wrath
• क्रोधात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• कृपः: Kripa
• कृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शारद्वतः: the son/descendant of Śaradvat (i.e., Śāradvata)
• शारद्वतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शारद्वत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नृप: O king
• नृप: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger manifests physically (labored breathing) and becomes a catalyst for speech or action in war; it implicitly warns that wrath can drive decisions, testing restraint and dharma amid conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Kṛpa Śāradvata, provoked into anger, breathes heavily—signaling a surge of emotion and readiness to respond in the unfolding battle episode.