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Shloka 51

कर्णपर्व — पञ्चदशोऽध्यायः | Karṇa Parva, Chapter 15: Pāṇḍya’s Advance and Aśvatthāmā’s Counterstroke

अथ संशप्तकांस्त्यक्त्वा पाण्डवो द्रौणिमभ्ययात्‌ अपाड्क्तेयानिव त्यक्त्वा दाता पाडुक्तेयमर्थिनम्‌,तब पाणए्डुपुत्र अर्जुन संशप्तकोंको छोड़कर द्रोणपुत्र अश्वत्थामाके सामने आये। ठीक उसी तरह जैसे दाता पंक्तिमें बैठनेके अयोग्य ब्राह्मणोंको छोड़कर याचना करनेवाले पंक्तिपावन ब्राह्मगगकी ओर जाता है

atha saṁśaptakāṁs tyaktvā pāṇḍavo drauṇim abhyayāt | apāṅkteyān iva tyaktvā dātā pāṅkteyam arthinam ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അപ്പോൾ പാണ്ഡുപുത്രൻ അർജുനൻ സംശപ്തകരെ വിട്ടുവെച്ച് ദ്രോണപുത്രൻ അശ്വത്ഥാമയിലേക്കു മുന്നേറി. അത്, പംക്തിയിൽ ഇരിക്കാൻ അയോഗ്യരായവരെ ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച് പംക്തിയെ പവിത്രമാക്കുന്ന യോഗ്യനായ യാചകനിലേക്കു ദാതാവ് തിരിയുന്നതുപോലെ ആയിരുന്നു.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
संशप्तकान्the Saṁśaptakas (vowed warriors)
संशप्तकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंशप्तक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, same as main verb subject
पाण्डवःthe Pāṇḍava (Arjuna)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रौणिम्Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman, son of Droṇa)
द्रौणिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्ययात्approached / went towards
अभ्ययात्:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अपाङ्क्तेयान्those unfit to sit in the (ritual) row
अपाङ्क्तेयान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपाङ्क्तेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इवlike / as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, same as main verb subject
दाताa giver / donor
दाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाङ्क्तेयम्one fit for the (ritual) row
पाङ्क्तेयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपाङ्क्तेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्थिनम्a supplicant / petitioner
अर्थिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
S
Saṁśaptakas
A
Aśvatthāmā
D
Droṇa

Educational Q&A

The simile frames Arjuna’s tactical choice as an ethical discernment: just as a donor should direct gifts toward a worthy recipient rather than the unfit, a warrior may prioritize confronting the more consequential and properly matched opponent. It highlights discrimination (viveka) in action—choosing what is fitting and effective within dharma.

Arjuna disengages from fighting the Saṁśaptakas and moves directly toward Aśvatthāmā (Droṇa’s son), indicating a shift in battlefield focus from a vowed group engagement to a targeted confrontation with a major commander.