Shloka 3
Adhyāya 78 — Bhīṣma’s Advance, Duryodhana’s Rally, and Concurrent Duels (भीष्मस्याभ्युद्यमः, दुर्योधनस्योत्साहवचनम्, विविधयुद्धवर्णनम्)
संनहातां पदातीनां हयानां चैव भारत । शड्खदुन्दुभिनादश्व तुमुल: सर्वतो5भवत्
saṃnahātāṃ padātīnāṃ hayānāṃ caiva bhārata | śaṅkhadundubhinādaś ca tumulaḥ sarvato 'bhavat ||
ഹേ ഭാരതാ! പാദാതികളും കുതിരകളും കവചം ധരിച്ചു പൂർണ്ണമായി സന്നദ്ധരാകുമ്പോൾ, ശംഖധ്വനിയും ദുന്ദുഭിനാദവും ചേർന്ന് സർവ്വത്ര ഭയങ്കര മുഴക്കം ഉയർന്നു.
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse primarily sets battlefield atmosphere rather than stating a direct doctrine: it highlights the collective momentum of war—armament, discipline, and martial readiness—underscoring the kṣatriya world where duty and conflict generate an overwhelming, all-encompassing force.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that troops—especially infantry and horses—are being armed and arranged, while conches and war-drums sound loudly; the combined noise swells everywhere, signaling imminent engagement.