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Shloka 39

Adhyāya 69: Strategic duels under Bhīṣma’s command

Virāṭa–Bhīṣma; Arjuna–Aśvatthāmā; Bhīma–Duryodhana; Abhimanyu–Lakṣmaṇa

ब्राह्मणै: क्षत्रियर्वैश्यै: शूद्रश्न कृतलक्षणै: । सेव्यते<भ्यर्च्यते चैव नित्ययुक्तै: स्वकर्मभि:,ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य और शुभ लक्षणसम्पन्न शूद्र--ये सभी नित्य तत्पर होकर अपने कर्माद्वारा इन्हींकी सेवा-पूजा करते हैं

brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyair vaiśyaiḥ śūdraś ca kṛtalakṣaṇaiḥ | sevyate 'bhyarcyate caiva nityayuktaiḥ svakarmabhiḥ ||

ബ്രാഹ്മണർ, ക്ഷത്രിയർ, വൈശ്യർ, ശുഭലക്ഷണസമ്പന്ന ശൂദ്രർ—ഇവരെല്ലാം നിത്യമായി ഏകാഗ്രരായി തങ്ങളുടെ തങ്ങളുടെ സ്വധർമ്മകർമ്മങ്ങളാൽ അവനെ സേവിക്കുകയും ആരാധിക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു.

ब्राह्मणैःby Brahmins
ब्राह्मणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
क्षत्रियैःby Kshatriyas
क्षत्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वैश्यैःby Vaishyas
वैश्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शूद्रैःby Shudras
शूद्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृतलक्षणैःby those having (good/marked) characteristics
कृतलक्षणैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतलक्षण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सेव्यतेis served
सेव्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Passive, Third, Singular
अभ्यर्च्यतेis worshipped
अभ्यर्च्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + अर्च्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Passive, Third, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नित्ययुक्तैःby those ever engaged/steadfast
नित्ययुक्तैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्ययुक्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
स्वकर्मभिःby their own duties/acts
स्वकर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brāhmaṇa
K
kṣatriya
V
vaiśya
Ś
śūdra

Educational Q&A

True reverence is expressed through steadfast performance of one’s own rightful duties (svakarma/svadharma); all social groups can honor the Divine by disciplined, sincere work aligned with their role.

Bhīṣma is explaining that people of all varṇas—Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and qualified Shudra—continually serve and worship the revered Lord/ideal through their respective prescribed actions, emphasizing duty-based devotion.