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Shloka 30

Adhyāya 65: Dawn Assembly, Makara–Śyena Vyūhas, and Commander Engagements

तत: शल्यो महाराज स्वस््त्रीयौ रथिनां वरौ

tataḥ śalyo mahārāja svastriyau rathināṃ varau | mahārāja tad-anantaraṃ śalyena kṛte prahārasya badalaṃ cukānecchayā rathināṃ śreṣṭhaḥ svaubhau bhānjau anekaiḥ bāṇaiḥ pīḍitavān | teṣāṃ bāṇair ācchāditau api nakula-sahadevau na vicacālau |

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അതിനുശേഷം, മഹാരാജാ, ശല്യൻ തന്റെ സഹോദരിയുടെ രണ്ടു പുത്രന്മാരായ, രഥയോദ്ധാക്കളിൽ ശ്രേഷ്ഠരായവരെ, അനേകം അമ്പുകളാൽ വേദനിപ്പിച്ചു. പിന്നെ ശല്യൻ ചെയ്ത പ്രഹാരത്തിന് പ്രതികാരം ചെയ്യാൻ ആഗ്രഹിച്ച രഥയോദ്ധാക്കളിൽ ശ്രേഷ്ഠൻ തന്റെ രണ്ടു ഭാനജന്മാരെ പല അമ്പുകളാൽ പീഡിപ്പിച്ചു; എങ്കിലും അമ്പുകളാൽ മൂടപ്പെട്ടിട്ടും നകുലനും സഹദേവനും കുലുങ്ങിയില്ല.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
शल्यःShalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
स्वस्रीयौtwo sister's sons (nephews)
स्वस्रीयौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वस्रीय
Formmasculine, accusative, dual
रथिनाम्of the chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
वरौthe best (two)
वरौ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
Formmasculine, accusative, dual
अनेकैःwith many
अनेकैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनेक
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
पीडितवान्tormented, afflicted
पीडितवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootपीड्
Formperfect (periphrastic), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
बाणैःby/with arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
आच्छादितौcovered, enveloped
आच्छादितौ:
TypeVerb
Rootआच्छाद्
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, dual
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formindeclinable
नकुलसहदेवौNakula and Sahadeva
नकुलसहदेवौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल-सहदेव
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (negation)
विचलितौshaken, moved
विचलितौ:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चल्
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, dual
अभवताम्were, became
अभवताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formimperfect, 3rd person, dual, parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Ś
Śalya
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
A
arrows (bāṇa)
C
chariot-warriors (rathin)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya steadiness under attack: even when struck repeatedly, a warrior should not lose composure. It also shows how the impulse to ‘repay a blow’ drives escalation in war, raising ethical awareness about retaliation and self-control amid violence.

Sañjaya reports that Śalya engages Nakula and Sahadeva (his sister’s sons). In response to Śalya’s strike, a leading chariot-warrior seeks to return the injury and showers the two brothers with many arrows; despite being covered by shafts, Nakula and Sahadeva remain unshaken.