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Shloka 20

Chapter 19: Prativyūha of the Pāṇḍavas — Vajra (Acala) Formation and Dawn Omens

विराटश्न ततः पश्चाद्‌ राजाथाक्षौहिणीवृतः । भ्रातृभि: सह पुत्रैश्न सो5भ्यरक्षत पृष्ठत:,तत्पश्चात्‌ राजा विराट अपने भाइयों और पुत्रोंक साथ एक अक्षौहिणी सेना लेकर भीमसेनके पृष्ठभागकी रक्षा कर रहे थे

virāṭaś ca tataḥ paścād rājātha akṣauhiṇī-vṛtaḥ | bhrātṛbhiḥ saha putraiś ca so 'bhyarakṣat pṛṣṭhataḥ ||

അതിന് ശേഷം രാജാവ് വിരാടൻ ഒരു അക്ഷൗഹിണി സൈന്യത്താൽ ചുറ്റപ്പെട്ടവനായി, സഹോദരന്മാരും പുത്രന്മാരും കൂടെ, ഭീമസേനന്റെ പൃഷ്ഠഭാഗം കാത്തു നിന്നു।

विराटःVirata (the king)
विराटः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/from there
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अक्षौहिणी-वृतःsurrounded/encircled by an akshauhini (army-division)
अक्षौहिणी-वृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षौहिणी-वृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भ्रातृभिःwith (his) brothers
भ्रातृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
पुत्रैःwith (his) sons
पुत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यरक्षत्protected/guarded
अभ्यरक्षत्:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पृष्ठतःfrom behind/at the rear
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Virāṭa
B
Bhīmasena
A
akṣauhiṇī (military division)
B
brothers of Virāṭa
S
sons of Virāṭa

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores dharma in warfare as disciplined cooperation: even a mighty warrior’s advance depends on steadfast protection of the rear by allies, expressing loyalty, responsibility, and strategic prudence.

Sañjaya reports that King Virāṭa, supported by his brothers, sons, and a full akṣauhiṇī force, takes position behind Bhīmasena to guard his back while Bhīma engages the enemy.