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Shloka 21

Brahmā’s Enumeration of Primacies (Ādi) and the Supremacy of Knowledge

Jñāna

इष्टं दत्त तपो5धीतं॑ व्रतानि नियमाश्च ये । सर्वमेतद्‌ विनाशान्तं ज्ञानस्यान्तो न विद्यते,जितने भी यज्ञ, दान, तप, अध्ययन, व्रत और नियम हैं, उन सबका अन्तमें विनाश होता है, केवल ज्ञानका अन्त नहीं होता

iṣṭaṃ dattaṃ tapo 'dhītaṃ vratāni niyamāś ca ye | sarvam etad vināśāntaṃ jñānasyānto na vidyate ||

വായു പറഞ്ഞു— യജ്ഞം, ദാനം, തപസ്സ്, ശാസ്ത്രാധ്യയനം, വ്രതങ്ങൾ, നിയമങ്ങൾ— ഇവയൊക്കെയും അവസാനം വിനാശത്തിലേക്ക് എത്തും; എന്നാൽ ജ്ഞാനത്തിന് അന്തമില്ല.

इष्टम्sacrifice performed / worship done
इष्टम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइष्ट (यज्-धातोः क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दत्तम्gift given / charity done
दत्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदत्त (दा-धातोः क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अधीतम्study done / learning acquired
अधीतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधीत (अधि-इ-धातोः क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
व्रतानिvows
व्रतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
नियमाःobservances / disciplines
नियमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
येwhich / those that
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वम्all (this)
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विनाशान्तम्ending in destruction
विनाशान्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविनाशान्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानस्यof knowledge
ज्ञानस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अन्तःend / limit
अन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्यतेexists / is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (लट्, आत्मनेपद)
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Atmanepada

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)

Educational Q&A

All merit-producing actions—ritual sacrifice, charity, austerity, study, vows, and disciplines—are finite and ultimately perish, whereas true knowledge is presented as limitless and not subject to such termination.

Vāyudeva speaks as a teacher, contrasting external religious acts and observances with the enduring value of knowledge, steering the listener toward a higher, more lasting spiritual attainment.