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Shloka 28

प्रतिग्रहभेदः — The Distinction between Giving and Accepting

Vṛṣādarbhī–Saptarṣi Dialogue

ते श्राद्धेनाच्च्यमाना वै विमुच्यन्ते ह किल्बिषात्‌ | सप्तकः पितृवंशस्तु पूर्वदृष्ट: स्वयम्भुवा

te śrāddhenāccyamānā vai vimucyante ha kilbiṣāt | saptakaḥ pitṛvaṁśas tu pūrvadṛṣṭaḥ svayambhuvā ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ശ്രാദ്ധകർമ്മത്തിലൂടെ വിധിപൂർവ്വം ആദരിക്കപ്പെടുമ്പോൾ പിതൃഗണം നിശ്ചയമായും പാപത്തിൽ നിന്ന് വിമുക്തരാകുന്നു. സ്വയംഭൂ ബ്രഹ്മാവ് പുരാതനകാലത്ത് ശ്രാദ്ധത്തിൽ ഉദ്ദേശിക്കേണ്ട പിതൃപരമ്പരയെ ഏഴംഗസംഘമായി നിശ്ചയിച്ചു.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
श्राद्धेनby (means of) śrāddha
श्राद्धेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अर्च्यमानाःbeing worshipped/being honored
अर्च्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअर्च्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
विमुच्यन्तेare released / become free
विमुच्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + मुच्
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Plural
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
किल्बिषात्from sin/impurity
किल्बिषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकिल्बिष
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सप्तकःa set of seven; sevenfold
सप्तकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितृवंशःlineage of the Pitṛs / ancestral line
पितृवंशः:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ-वंश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पूर्वदृष्टःpreviously ordained/seen (earlier)
पूर्वदृष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व-दृष्ट
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वयम्भुवाby Svayambhū (Brahmā)
स्वयम्भुवा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वयम्भू
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
Ś
Śrāddha
S
Svayambhū (Brahmā)

Educational Q&A

Śrāddha, when performed as a dharmic act of honoring the ancestors, is presented as spiritually efficacious: it helps remove the ancestors’ moral taint (kilbiṣa) and fulfills one’s duty to the pitṛ-lineage, which is traditionally enumerated as seven.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma, he explains the benefit of śrāddha: the pitṛs are said to gain release from sin when properly worshipped, and he cites the ancient ordinance of Svayambhū (Brahmā) that the śrāddha-recipient ancestral line is reckoned as a set of seven.