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Shloka 4

Śrāddha-dvija-parīkṣā: Paṅkti-dūṣa and Paṅkti-pāvana (श्राद्धे द्विजपरीक्षा—पङ्क्तिदूष-पङ्क्तिपावन)

देवासुरमनुष्याणां गन्धर्वोरगरक्षसाम्‌ | पिशाचकिज्नराणां च पूज्या वै पितर: सदा,देवता, असुर, मनुष्य, गन्धर्व, नाग, राक्षस, पिशाच और किन्नर--इन सबके लिये पितर सदा ही पूज्य हैं

devāsura-manuṣyāṇāṁ gandharvoraga-rakṣasām | piśāca-kiṁnarāṇāṁ ca pūjyā vai pitaraḥ sadā ||

ദേവന്മാർ, അസുരന്മാർ, മനുഷ്യർ, ഗന്ധർവ്വർ, നാഗങ്ങൾ, രാക്ഷസർ, പിശാചുകൾ, കിന്നരർ—എല്ലാവർക്കും പിതൃകൾ എപ്പോഴും പൂജ്യരാണ്।

देवof the gods
देव:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
असुरof the asuras
असुर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मनुष्याणाम्of humans
मनुष्याणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
गन्धर्वof gandharvas
गन्धर्व:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
उरगof serpents
उरग:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउरग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रक्षसाम्of rākṣasas/demons
रक्षसाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
पिशाचof piśācas
पिशाच:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपिशाच
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
किंनराणाम्of kinnaras
किंनराणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकिंनर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूज्याःworthy of worship
पूज्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूज्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पितरःthe ancestors (pitṛs)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pitaraḥ (Pitṛs/ancestors)
D
Devas
A
Asuras
M
Manuṣyas
G
Gandharvas
U
Uragas (Nāgas/serpents)
R
Rakṣasas
P
Piśācas
K
Kiṁnaras

Educational Q&A

That honoring the Pitṛs (ancestors) is a universal dharmic obligation: across all classes of beings, the forefathers are always to be revered, emphasizing gratitude, continuity of lineage, and moral responsibility to one’s origins.

In Bhishma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he states a general principle about the status of the Pitṛs: regardless of whether one is divine, demonic, human, or otherworldly, the ancestors remain perpetually worthy of worship and respect.