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Shloka 14

Śrāddha-dvija-parīkṣā: Paṅkti-dūṣa and Paṅkti-pāvana (श्राद्धे द्विजपरीक्षा—पङ्क्तिदूष-पङ्क्तिपावन)

नवमीको श्राद्ध करनेवाले पुरुषके यहाँ एक खुरवाले घोड़े आदि पशुओंकी बहुतायत होती है और दशमीको श्राद्ध करनेवाले मनुष्यके घरमें गौओंको वृद्धि होती है ।। कुप्यभागी भवेन्मर्त्य: कुर्वन्नेकादशीं नूप । ब्रह्मवर्चस्विन: पुत्रा जायन्ते तस्य वेश्मनि,महाराज! एकादशीको श्राद्ध करनेवाला मानव सोने-चाँदीको छोड़कर शेष सभी प्रकारके धनका भागी होता है। उसके घरमें ब्रह्मतेजसे सम्पन्न पुत्र जन्म लेते हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | navamyāṁ śrāddhaṁ kurvataḥ puruṣasya gṛhe ekakhurāśvādipāśubāhulyam bhavati, daśamyāṁ śrāddhaṁ kurvataḥ manuṣyasya gṛhe gāvo vardhante | ekādaśīṁ kurvan martyas tu kūpyabhāgī bhavet, nṛpa | tasya veśmani brāhmavarcasvinaḥ putrā jāyante, mahārāja |

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ നൃപാ! ഏകാദശി തിഥിയിൽ ശ്രാദ്ധം ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ സ്വർണ്ണ-രജതം ഒഴികെയുള്ള എല്ലാ തരത്തിലുള്ള ധനത്തിന്റെ ഭാഗ്യഭാഗിയാകും; അവന്റെ ഗൃഹത്തിൽ ബ്രഹ്മവർച്ചസ്സുള്ള പുത്രന്മാർ ജനിക്കും.

कुप्यभागीone who has a share in (all) wealth except gold/silver (i.e., movable property)
कुप्यभागी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुप्य-भागिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would become / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
मर्त्यःa mortal man
मर्त्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुर्वन्doing / performing
कुर्वन्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormShatru (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एकादशीम्the eleventh (day) / Ekādaśī (rite/day)
एकादशीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootएकादशी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्रह्मवर्चस्विनःpossessing brahmanical splendor/holy radiance
ब्रह्मवर्चस्विनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मवर्चस्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जायन्तेare born
जायन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
तस्यof him / his
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वेश्मनिin (his) house
वेश्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेश्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Mahārāja (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira as listener)
Ś
śrāddha
N
Navamī
D
Daśamī
E
Ekādaśī
H
horses (aśva)
C
cows (gāvaḥ)
G
gold
S
silver
K
kūpya (non-gold/silver wealth)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the timing of śrāddha (ancestral rites) is believed to yield distinct fruits: material prosperity in specific forms (livestock, wealth) and also higher, ethical-spiritual outcomes such as offspring endowed with brāhmavarcasa (learning and sacred radiance).

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs the king on dharma and ritual duties. Here he explains the reputed results of performing śrāddha on different lunar days—ninth, tenth, and eleventh—linking each tithi to particular household gains and qualities.