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Shloka 5

गोशकृन्माहात्म्य-प्रश्नः (On the Merit of Cow-Dung and the Abode of Śrī) / Inquiry into the Sanctity of Cow-Dung

गाव: सुरभिगन्धिन्यस्तथा गुग्गुलुगन्धय: । गाव: प्रतिष्ठा भूतानां गाव: स्वस्त्ययनं महत्‌,“राजन! गौओंके शरीरसे अनेक प्रकारकी मनोरम सुगन्ध निकलती रहती है तथा बहुतेरी गौएँ गुग्गुलके समान गन्धवाली होती हैं। गौएँ समस्त प्राणियोंकी प्रतिष्ठा (आधार) हैं और गौएँ ही उनके लिये महान्‌ मंगलकी निधि हैं

gāvaḥ surabhigandhinyas tathā guggulugandhayaḥ | gāvaḥ pratiṣṭhā bhūtānāṃ gāvaḥ svastyayanaṃ mahat ||

രാജാവേ! ഗോകളുടെ ശരീരത്തിൽ നിന്ന് പലവിധ മനോഹര സുഗന്ധങ്ങൾ പുറപ്പെടുന്നു; പല ഗോകൾക്കും ഗുഗ്ഗുലുവിനെപ്പോലെയുള്ള സുഗന്ധമുണ്ട്. ഗോകൾ സർവ്വജീവികളുടെ ആധാരമാണ്; ഗോകൾ തന്നെയാണ് അവർക്കുള്ള മഹാമംഗലത്തിന്റെ നിധി।

गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सुरभि-गन्धिन्यःhaving fragrant smell
सुरभि-गन्धिन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुरभिगन्धिनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand also / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
गुग्गुलु-गन्धयःthose with guggulu-like fragrance
गुग्गुलु-गन्धयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुग्गुलुगन्ध
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतिष्ठाsupport / foundation
प्रतिष्ठा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिष्ठा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भूतानाम्of beings
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
स्वस्ति-अयनम्source/abode of welfare (auspiciousness)
स्वस्ति-अयनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वस्त्ययन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (Yudhishthira, implied addressee)
C
cows (gāvaḥ)
G
guggulu (resin/incense)

Educational Q&A

The verse elevates the cow as a dharmic symbol of sustenance and auspicious welfare: cows are portrayed as a foundational support for living beings and as a source of well-being, encouraging reverence, protection, and charitable care (such as go-sevā and go-dāna).

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma instructs the king (Yudhishthira) on dharma. Here he praises the qualities and sanctity of cows—describing their pleasant fragrance and declaring them the support and auspicious refuge for beings—within a broader discourse on righteous conduct and meritorious gifts.