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Shloka 37

गोप्रदानगुणाः तथा कपिलागोविधानम्

Merits of Cow-Gift and the Origin-Account of Kapilā Cows

अभावे यो गवां दद्यात्‌ तिलधेनुं यतव्रत: । दुर्गात्‌ स तारितो थेन्वा क्षीरनद्यां प्रमोदते,जो संयम और नियमका पालन करनेवाला पुरुष गौओंके अभावमें तिलधेनुका दान करता है, वह उस धेनुकी सहायता पाकर दुर्गम संकटसे पार हो जाता है तथा दूधकी धारा बहानेवाली नदीके तटपर रहकर आनन्द भोगता है

abhāve yo gavāṁ dadyāt tiladhenuṁ yatavrataḥ | durgāt sa tārito dhenuvā kṣīranadyāṁ pramodate ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—വ്രതനിഷ്ഠയോടെ ആത്മസംയമമുള്ളവൻ, ഗോവുകളുടെ അഭാവത്തിൽ തിലധേനുവിനെ (എള്ളുകൊണ്ടുള്ള ധേനം) ദാനം ചെയ്താൽ, ആ ധേനുവിന്റെ പുണ്യസഹായത്തോടെ അവൻ ദുർഗമമായ ദുരിതം കടന്ന്, ക്ഷീരധാര ഒഴുകുന്ന നദീതീരത്ത് ആനന്ദിക്കുന്നു.

अभावेin the absence
अभावे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअभाव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तिलधेनुम्a sesame-cow (tiladhenu gift)
तिलधेनुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतिलधेनु
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यतव्रतःone of restrained vows
यतव्रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयतव्रत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्गात्from a difficult peril/strait
दुर्गात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तारितःis delivered/saved
तारितः:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धेन्वाby (that) cow
धेन्वा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
क्षीरनद्याम्in/on the milk-river
क्षीरनद्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षीरनदी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
प्रमोदतेrejoices/delights
प्रमोदते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-मुद्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
T
tiladhenu (sesame-cow gift)
C
cows (go)
K
kṣīranadī (river of milk)

Educational Q&A

Even when ideal resources are unavailable, a disciplined person should still uphold dāna-dharma through an appropriate substitute; sincere charity, performed with restraint and right intention, becomes a means of protection from संकट and yields auspicious posthumous reward.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on gifts and धर्म, he explains the फल (result) of donating a tiladhenu when cows cannot be obtained: the donor is metaphorically ‘carried across’ dangers by that merit and attains a blissful realm symbolized by a river of milk.