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Shloka 10

गोप्रदानविधिः (Gopradāna-vidhi) — Procedure and Praise of Cow-Gifting

बद्दीनां कीदृशं दानमल्पानां वापि कीदृशम्‌ । अदत्त्वा गोप्रदा: सन्ति केन वा तच्च शंस मे,बहुत-सी गौओंका दान कैसा होता है? अथवा थोड़ी-सी गौओंका दान कैसा माना जाता है? गोदान न करके भी लोग किस उपायसे गोदान करनेवालोंके समान हो जाते हैं? यह मुझे बताइये

śakra uvāca |

bahūnāṃ kīdṛśaṃ dānam alpānāṃ vāpi kīdṛśam |

adattvā gopradāḥ santi kena vā tac chaṃsa me ||

അനേകം ഗോകളെ ദാനം ചെയ്യുന്നത് എങ്ങനെയുള്ള ദാനമാണ്? അല്ലെങ്കിൽ കുറച്ച് ഗോകളെ ദാനം ചെയ്യുന്നത് എങ്ങനെ കണക്കാക്കപ്പെടുന്നു? കൂടാതെ ഗോദാനം ചെയ്യാതെയും ഏത് മാർഗ്ഗത്താൽ ആളുകൾ ഗോദാനം ചെയ്തവർക്കു തുല്യരായി കരുതപ്പെടുന്നു? അത് എനിക്ക് പറയുക.

बहूनाम्of many (cows/objects)
बहूनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormAny, Genitive, Plural
कीदृशम्of what kind?
कीदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दानम्gift; donation
दानम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अल्पानाम्of few (cows/objects)
अल्पानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormAny, Genitive, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
कीदृशम्of what kind?
कीदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अदत्त्वाnot having given
अदत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
गोप्रदाःgivers of cows
गोप्रदाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगोप्रद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सन्तिare; exist
सन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
केनby what? by which means?
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
तत्that (matter/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शंसtell; declare
शंस:
TypeVerb
Rootशंस्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAny, Dative, Singular

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
G
go (cow)
D
dāna (gift/charity)
G
go-dāna (cow-gift)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical inquiry into dāna: the value of giving depends not only on quantity (many vs. few cows) but also on the principle by which merit may be attained—raising the question of intention, capacity, and alternative forms of equivalent righteousness.

Indra (Śakra), as the speaker, asks for clarification about the merit and proper character of cow-gifts—both large and small—and seeks to know what practice can make someone comparable to a cow-donor even if they cannot perform an actual go-dāna.