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Shloka 39

Adhyāya 60: Dāna vs. Yajña—Royal Giving, Protection, and Karmic Share

“नरेन्द्र! जो मनुष्य ब्राह्मणोंको फ़ूलोंकी माला, धूप, चन्दन, उबटन, नहानेके लिये जल और पुष्प दान करता है, वह संसारमें नीरोग और सुन्दर रूपवाला होता है ।। बीजैरशून्यं शयनैरुपेतं दद्याद्‌ गृहं यः पुरुषो द्विजाय । पुण्याभिरामं बहुरत्नपूर्ण लभत्यधिष्ठानवरं स राजन्‌

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

narendra! yo manuṣyo brāhmaṇebhyaḥ phūlānāṃ mālāṃ dhūpaṃ candanaṃ ubṭanaṃ snānāya jalaṃ puṣpaṃ ca dānaṃ karoti, sa loke nīrogaḥ sundararūpavān bhavati ||

bījair aśūnyaṃ śayanair upetaṃ dadyād gṛhaṃ yaḥ puruṣo dvijāya |

puṇyābhirāmaṃ bahuratnapūrṇaṃ labhaty adhiṣṭhānavaraṃ sa rājan ||

വൈശമ്പായനൻ പറഞ്ഞു— ഹേ നരേന്ദ്രാ! ബ്രാഹ്മണർക്കു പുഷ്പമാല, ധൂപം, ചന്ദനം, സുഗന്ധ ഉബട്ടണം, സ്നാനത്തിനുള്ള ജലം, പുഷ്പങ്ങൾ എന്നിവ ദാനം ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ ഈ ലോകത്തിൽ തന്നെ രോഗമുക്തനും മനോഹരരൂപവാനും ആകുന്നു—ഇതിൽ സംശയമില്ല. പിന്നെ, ഹേ രാജൻ, വിത്തുധാന്യത്തിൽ കുറവില്ലാത്തതും ശയ്യകളാൽ സമ്പന്നമായതുമായ ഗൃഹം ഒരു ദ്വിജനു ദാനം ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ, പുണ്യത്താൽ രമ്യവും അനേകം രത്നങ്ങളാൽ നിറഞ്ഞതുമായ ഉത്തമ അധിഷ്ഠാനം പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു.

बीजैःwith seeds
बीजैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबीज
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अशून्यम्not empty
अशून्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअशून्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शयनैःwith beds
शयनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशयन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
उपेतम्endowed with, furnished with
उपेतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपेत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गृहम्a house
गृहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःa man
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजायto a twice-born (Brahmin)
द्विजाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
पुण्याभिरामम्delightful through merit (very auspicious and pleasing)
पुण्याभिरामम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्याभिराम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बहुरत्नपूर्णम्filled with many jewels
बहुरत्नपूर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुरत्नपूर्ण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लभतिobtains
लभति:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अधिष्ठानवरम्an excellent abode/seat (splendid residence)
अधिष्ठानवरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधिष्ठानवर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
Narendra (the king addressed)
B
Brāhmaṇas
D
Dvija
G
Garland (mālā)
I
Incense (dhūpa)
S
Sandalwood (candana)
U
Unguent (ubṭana)
B
Bath-water (snānāya jalam)
F
Flowers (puṣpa)
H
House/dwelling (gṛha)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches dāna-dharma: giving auspicious, life-supporting, and purity-associated items to Brahmins—such as garlands, incense, sandalwood, unguents, bathing water, flowers, and even a well-provisioned dwelling—yields tangible and elevated results: health, pleasing appearance, and the attainment of a superior, merit-born ‘abode’ rich in prosperity.

Vaiśampāyana continues a didactic discourse addressed to a king, enumerating specific forms of charitable gifts and stating their karmic fruits. The focus is not on battlefield events but on ethical instruction within the Anuśāsana Parva’s broader teaching on dharma and the rewards of generosity.