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Shloka 37

दैव–पुरुषकार-प्रश्नः

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Inquiry: Fate and Human Effort

अज्ञानाद्‌ ब्राह्मणं हत्वा स्पृष्टोे बालवधेन च | वैशम्पायनविप्रर्षि: कि दैवेन न वारित:,ब्रह्मर्षि वैशम्पायन अज्ञानवश ब्राह्णकी हत्या करके बाल-वधके पापसे भी लिप्त हो गये थे तो भी दैवने उन्हें स्वर्ग जानेसे क्यों नहीं रोका

ajñānād brāhmaṇaṁ hatvā spṛṣṭo bāla-vadhena ca | vaiśampāyana-viprarṣiḥ kiṁ daivena na vāritaḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അജ്ഞാനത്താൽ ഒരു ബ്രാഹ്മണനെ വധിച്ച്, ബാലവധപാപത്താലും മലിനനായ വിപ്രർഷി വൈശമ്പായനനെ ദൈവം എന്തുകൊണ്ട് തടഞ്ഞില്ല?

अज्ञानात्out of ignorance
अज्ञानात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
ब्राह्मणम्a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
स्पृष्टःtainted/affected
स्पृष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
बालवधेनby child-slaying
बालवधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबालवध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैशम्पायनविप्रर्षिःthe brahmin-sage Vaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनविप्रर्षिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायनविप्रर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्why?/what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दैवेनby fate/by divine will
दैवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वारितःprevented/checked
वारितः:
TypeVerb
Rootवारय्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Brāhmaṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse raises a dharmic problem: if grave acts like Brahmin-killing and child-killing occurred (even through ignorance), how can destiny allow the agent to reach heaven? It invites reflection on how intention (ajñāna), expiation, and divine order (daiva) interact in moral accountability.

Bhīṣma poses a pointed question about the sage Vaiśampāyana: despite being implicated in severe sins—Brahmin-slaying and child-slaying—why did daiva not obstruct him? The question functions as a prompt for a subsequent explanation about karmic causality, intention, and the workings of dharma.