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Shloka 52

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

वैश्यस्य वर्तमानस्य वैश्यायां भरतर्षभ । शूद्रायां चापि कौन्तेय तयोविनियम: स्मृत:

vaiśyasya vartamānasya vaiśyāyāṃ bharatarṣabha | śūdrāyāṃ cāpi kaunteya tayor viniyamaḥ smṛtaḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ ഭാരതർഷഭ, ഹേ കൗന്തേയ, ഗൃഹസ്ഥധർമ്മത്തിൽ നിലകൊള്ളുന്ന വൈശ്യന് വൈശ്യസ്ത്രീയിലും ശൂദ്രസ്ത്രീയിലും പുത്രന്മാർ ജനിച്ചാൽ, അവരുടെ ധനവിഭജനത്തിനും അതേ നിയമം സ്മൃതിയിൽ പറഞ്ഞിരിക്കുന്നു.

वैश्यस्यof a Vaiśya
वैश्यस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वर्तमानस्यexisting / living (of the one present)
वर्तमानस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वैश्यायाम्in/through a Vaiśyā (woman)
वैश्यायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शूद्रायाम्in/through a Śūdrā (woman)
शूद्रायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्रा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
कौन्तेयO son of Kuntī
कौन्तेय:
TypeNoun
Rootकौन्तेय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormCommon, Genitive, Dual
विनियमःrule / regulation
विनियमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविनियम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतःis remembered / is prescribed
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Kaunteya)
B
Bharatas (dynastic epithet)
V
Vaiśya
V
Vaiśyā
Ś
Śūdra
Ś
Śūdrā

Educational Q&A

The verse states that Smṛti tradition recognizes a specific, established rule (viniyama) for allocating wealth/entitlements when a Vaiśya has sons from both a Vaiśyā and a Śūdrā; Bhīṣma emphasizes that the distribution should follow the remembered legal-ethical regulation rather than personal preference.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and social-legal norms. Here he addresses a case of mixed parentage within a Vaiśya household and indicates that traditional law provides a defined rule for how the two sets of sons are to be treated in matters like division of property.