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Shloka 5

Vipulopākhyāna—Ruci-rakṣā and Śakra’s Māyā (विपुलोपाख्यानम्—रुचिरक्षणं शक्रमाया च)

युधिछिर उवाच अपीडया च भूतानां धर्मस्याहिंसया तथा । पात्र विद्यात्‌ तु तत्त्वेन यस्मै दत्त न संतपेत्‌,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--पितामह! किसी प्राणीको पीड़ा न दी जाय और धर्ममें भी बाधा न आने पाये, इस प्रकार दान देना उचित है; परंतु पात्रकी यथार्थ पहचान कैसे हो? जिससे दिया हुआ दान पीछे संतापका कारण न बने

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: apīḍayā ca bhūtānāṃ dharmasyāhiṃsayā tathā | pātraṃ vidyāt tu tattvena yasmai dattaṃ na saṃtapet ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു— “പിതാമഹാ! ഒരു ജീവിക്കും പീഡയുണ്ടാകാതെയും ധർമ്മത്തിന് തടസ്സമുണ്ടാകാതെയും—അഹിംസാനുസൃതമായി—ദാനം നൽകണം. എന്നാൽ യഥാർത്ഥത്തിൽ ആരാണ് സൂപാത്രൻ എന്ന് എങ്ങനെ അറിയാം? ഒരിക്കൽ നൽകിയ ദാനം പിന്നീടു ഖേദത്തിനിടയാകാതിരിക്കേണ്ടതിന് എന്താണ് മാർഗം?”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
अपीडयाby non-harming / without causing pain
अपीडया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअपीडा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भूतानाम्of beings
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
धर्मस्यof dharma
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अहिंसयाby non-violence
अहिंसया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाthus / in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
पात्रम्a worthy recipient
पात्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्यात्should know / should ascertain
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormOptative, Third, Singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तत्त्वेनin truth / truly
तत्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
यस्मैto whom
यस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
दत्तम्given (gift)
दत्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संतपेत्should regret / should be distressed
संतपेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormOptative, Third, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Charity must be guided by ahimsa and dharma: giving should not harm beings nor violate righteousness. Therefore, ethical giving requires discernment of the recipient’s worthiness (pātratva) so that the act of giving does not later lead to moral regret.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira asks the elder authority (implicitly Bhīṣma) how to identify a truly worthy recipient for gifts, emphasizing that donations should be non-injurious and aligned with dharma, and should not become a cause of later remorse.