Shloka 17

अदैवं दैवतं कुर्युर्दैवतं चाप्पदैवतम्‌ । यमिच्छेयु: स राजा स्याद्‌ ये नेष्ट: स पराभवेत्‌,ये चाहें तो जो देवता नहीं है उसे देवता बना दें और जो देवता हैं उन्हें भी देवत्वसे गिरा दें। ये जिसे राजा बनाना चाहें वही राजा रह सकता है। जिसे राजाके रूपमें ये न देखना चाहें उसका पराभव हो जाता है

adaivaṁ daivataṁ kuryur daivataṁ cāpy adaivatam | yam iccheyuḥ sa rājā syād ye neṣṭaḥ sa parābhavet ||

അവർ ഇച്ഛിച്ചാൽ ദൈവമല്ലാത്തതിനെ ദൈവമാക്കി ഉയർത്തും; ദൈവമായതിനെ പോലും ദൈവത്വത്തിൽ നിന്ന് താഴ്ത്തും. അവർ ആരെ രാജാവാക്കാൻ ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നുവോ അവൻ രാജാവാകും; രാജാവായി അംഗീകരിക്കാത്തവൻ പരാജയപ്പെടും.

अदैवम्non-divine (as object)
अदैवम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअदैव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दैवतम्a deity; divine status
दैवतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्युःthey would make
कुर्युः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
दैवतम्a deity; divine status
दैवतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैवत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
अप्पदैवतम्non-divine / deprived of divinity
अप्पदैवतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्पदैवत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छेयुःthey would desire
इच्छेयुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्/इच्छ् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
येthose who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नेष्टःnot desired / not approved
नेष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्/इच्छ् (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta) used adjectivally, न-
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पराभवेत्would be defeated / would perish
पराभवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपराभू (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
D
daivata (divinity/deity as a concept)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma highlights how collective influence—courtiers, elites, or the public—can manufacture legitimacy: they can elevate the unworthy as “divine” and diminish the worthy, determining who is accepted as king and who is brought to ruin. The ethical warning is to be wary of power that manipulates reputation and sacred status.

In Bhishma’s instruction on governance and dharma, he comments on the forces that shape royal authority. He observes that a ruler’s rise or fall often depends not only on personal merit but also on the will and endorsement of influential groups who can confer or withdraw recognition.