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Shloka 10

Indra–Mataṅga Saṃvāda: On the rarity and responsibilities of Brāhmaṇya (इन्द्र-मतङ्ग संवादः)

स बाल गर्दभं राजन्‌ वहन्तं मातुरन्तिके । निरविध्यत्‌ प्रतोदेन नासिकायां पुन: पुन:

sa bāla-gardabhaṃ rājan vahantaṃ mātur antike | niravidhyat pratodena nāsikāyāṃ punaḥ punaḥ ||

ഓ രാജാവേ! ഭാരം വഹിച്ചുകൊണ്ടിരുന്ന ഒരു ചെറുകഴുതയെ അതിന്റെ അമ്മയുടെ അടുത്തുതന്നെ ഒരാൾ പ്രതോദംകൊണ്ട് വീണ്ടും വീണ്ടും അടിച്ച് അതിന്റെ മൂക്കിൽ മുറിവുണ്ടാക്കി.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बालम्young, little
बालम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गर्दभम्donkey
गर्दभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगर्दभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वहन्तम्carrying
वहन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवह्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
मातुःof (its) mother
मातुः:
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
अन्तिकेnear, in the vicinity
अन्तिके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तिक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निरविध्यत्he struck/pierced
निरविध्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + व्यध् (निर्-)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रतोदेनwith a goad/whip
प्रतोदेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतोद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नासिकायाम्in the nose
नासिकायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनासिका
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (Yudhishthira, addressed as rājan)
Y
young donkey (bāla-gardabha)
M
mother donkey (mātṛ)
G
goad/whip (pratoda)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a vivid example of a helpless animal being repeatedly hurt to highlight adharma in the form of cruelty and needless violence, implying that righteous conduct requires compassion, restraint, and avoidance of harm—especially toward the vulnerable.

Bhishma describes a young donkey carrying a burden near its mother, while a man repeatedly prods it with a goad, injuring its nostrils. The description functions as an illustrative episode within Bhishma’s moral discourse to the king.