Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

मातङ्ग–शक्रसंवादः

Mataṅga–Śakra Dialogue on Tapas, Status, and Moral Qualities

युधिछ्िर उवाच के देशा: के जनपदा आश्रमा: के च पर्वता: । प्रकृष्टा: पुण्यत: काश्न ज्ञेया नद्य: पितामह,युधिष्ठिर बोले--पितामह! कौन-से देश, कौन-से प्रान्त, कौन-कौन आश्रम, कौन-से पर्वत और कौन-कौन-सी नदियाँ पुण्यकी दृष्टिसे सर्वश्रेष्ठ समझने योग्य हैं?

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: ke deśāḥ ke janapadā āśramāḥ ke ca parvatāḥ | prakṛṣṭāḥ puṇyataḥ kasmān jñeyā nadyaḥ pitāmaha ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—പിതാമഹാ! ഏത് ദേശങ്ങൾ, ഏത് ജനപദങ്ങൾ, ഏത് ആശ്രമങ്ങൾ, ഏത് പർവതങ്ങൾ, ഏത് നദികൾ എന്നിവ പുണ്യദൃഷ്ട്യാ ഏറ്റവും ശ്രേഷ്ഠമെന്നു അറിയേണ്ടതാണ്? അവയെ പ്രത്യേകമായി പരിശുദ്ധമെന്നു കരുതാനുള്ള ആധാരം എന്ത്?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
केwhich?/what? (plural)
के:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
देशाःcountries/regions
देशाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केwhich?/what? (plural)
के:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जनपदाःprovinces/territories
जनपदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आश्रमाḥhermitages/ashrams
आश्रमाḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केwhich?/what? (plural)
के:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पर्वताःmountains
पर्वताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रकृष्टाःexcellent/supreme
प्रकृष्टाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुण्यतःin terms of merit/holiness
पुण्यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुण्य
काःwhich?/what? (fem. plural)
काः:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ज्ञेयाःto be known/should be known
ज्ञेयाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञेय
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पितामहO grandsire (Bhishma)
पितामह:
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
D
deśa (regions)
J
janapada (kingdoms/territories)
Ā
āśrama (hermitages)
P
parvata (mountains)
N
nadī (rivers)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry into sacred geography: holiness is not assumed merely by name or fame, but is to be understood by criteria (kasmāt)—such as association with sages, righteous conduct, sanctifying rites, and tradition—prompting Bhīṣma to articulate standards for what makes places and rivers spiritually meritorious.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully questions Bhīṣma (addressed as Pitāmaha) about which lands, realms, hermitages, mountains, and rivers are considered supremely holy and on what grounds they are regarded as such, setting up Bhīṣma’s ensuing discourse.