Shloka 2

भीष्म उवाच स्ववृत्तिमभिपन्नाय लिज़्िने चेतराय च । देयमाहुर्महाराज उभावेतौ तपस्विनौ,भीष्मजीने कहा--महाराज! जीवन-रक्षाके लिये अपनी वर्णाश्रमोचित वृत्तिका आश्रय लेनेवाले चिह्नधारी या चिह्लरहित किसी भी ब्राह्मणको दान दिया जाना उचित बताया गया है; क्योंकि स्वधर्मका आश्रय लेनेवाले ये दोनों ही तपस्वी एवं दानपात्र हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | svavṛttim abhipannāya liṅgine cetarāya ca | deyam āhur mahārāja ubhāv etau tapasvinau ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു— മഹാരാജാ! ജീവൻ നിലനിർത്തുന്നതിനായി തന്റെ വർണാശ്രമോചിതമായ ജീവിതവൃത്തി ആശ്രയിച്ച ബ്രാഹ്മണന്—അവൻ തപസ്സിന്റെ ചിഹ്നങ്ങൾ ധരിച്ചവനായാലും ചിഹ്നരഹിതനായാലും—ഇരുവർക്കും ദാനം നൽകേണ്ടതാണെന്ന് പറയുന്നു; കാരണം സ്വധർമ്മത്തിൽ നിലകൊള്ളുന്ന ഇവർ ഇരുവരും തപസ്വികളും ദാനപാത്രങ്ങളും ആകുന്നു.

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्ववृत्तिम्one's own (prescribed) livelihood/means of subsistence
स्ववृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्ववृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अभिपन्नायto one who has resorted to/undertaken
अभिपन्नाय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-√पद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
लिङ्गिनेto one bearing a mark/sign (ascetic insignia)
लिङ्गिने:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्गिन्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतरायto the other (one)
इतराय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
also/and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देयम्is to be given / should be given
देयम्:
TypeAdjective
Root√दा
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्य/यत् sense; here 'to be given')
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
एतौthese two
एतौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
तपस्विनौascetics / men of austerity
तपस्विनौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Mahārāja (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
B
Brāhmaṇa
L
liṅgin (marked ascetic)
A
aliṅgin/itarā (unmarked ascetic/householder in dharmic livelihood)

Educational Q&A

Charity should be guided by dharma rather than mere outward appearance: a Brahmin who sustains himself through a rightful, dharmic livelihood for preserving life is a fit recipient of alms whether he displays ascetic insignia (liṅga) or not.

In the Anushasana Parva’s instruction on dāna-dharma, Bhishma advises the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) about who deserves gifts, affirming that both marked ascetics and those without external marks—if grounded in proper duty—are worthy recipients.