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Shloka 60

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

तस्मै प्रतिवच: सा तु भरत्रें न प्रददौ तदा । कराभ्यां तेन विप्रेण स्पृष्टा भर्तुव्॒ता सती,परंतु ओधवतीने उस समय अपने पतिको कोई उत्तर नहीं दिया। अतिथिरूपमें आये हुए ब्राह्मणने अपने दोनों हाथोंसे उसे छू दिया था। इससे वह सती-साध्वी पतिव्रता अपनेको दूषित मानकर अपने स्वामीसे भी लज्जित हो गयी थी; इसीलिये वह साध्वी चुप हो गयी। कुछ भी बोल न सकी

tasmai prativacaḥ sā tu bhartre na pradadau tadā | karābhyāṃ tena vipreṇa spṛṣṭā bhartṛvratā satī ||

എന്നാൽ അപ്പോൾ അവൾ ഭർത്താവിന് ഒരു മറുപടിയും നൽകിയില്ല. അതിഥിയായി വന്ന ആ ബ്രാഹ്മണൻ ഇരുകൈകളാലും അവളെ സ്പർശിച്ചിരുന്നു; അതുകൊണ്ട് പതിവ്രതയായ സതി താനൊരു മലിനതയിൽപ്പെട്ടുവെന്ന് കരുതി, സ്വാമിയുടെ മുമ്പിലും ലജ്ജിച്ചു മൗനമായി നിന്നു.

तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
प्रतिवचःa reply/answer
प्रतिवचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
साshe
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भर्त्रेto (her) husband
भर्त्रे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रददौgave/uttered (as a reply)
प्रददौ:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + दा
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तदाthen/at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
कराभ्याम्with (his) two hands
कराभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
तेनby him/with him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
विप्रेणby the brahmin
विप्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
स्पृष्टाtouched
स्पृष्टा:
TypeParticiple
Rootस्पृश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
भर्तुव्रताdevoted to her husband (husband-vowed)
भर्तुव्रता:
TypeAdjective
Rootभर्तृ + व्रत
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सतीa virtuous woman
सती:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
bhartṛ (husband)
V
vipra (brahmin guest)
S
satī/bhartṛvratā (the chaste wife)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical ideal of pativratā-dharma as understood in the epic: a wife’s intense commitment to marital fidelity and personal purity, expressed here through silence born of shame after an unwanted touch, and the inner conflict between social-religious notions of purity and the realities of circumstance.

A virtuous wife, having been physically touched by a brahmin who arrived as a guest, feels herself compromised; when her husband expects a response, she gives none, remaining silent due to embarrassment and a sense of defilement.