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Shloka 48

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

जिगीषमाणस्तु गृहे तदा मृत्यु: सुदर्शनम्‌ । पृष्ठतोडन्वगमद्‌ू राजनू्‌ रन्ध्रान्वेषी तदा सदा,राजन! उन दिनों गृहस्थ-धर्ममें स्थित हुए सुदर्शनको जीतनेकी इच्छासे मृत्यु उनका छिद्र खोजती हुई सदा उनके पीछे लगी रहती थी

jigīṣamāṇas tu gṛhe tadā mṛtyuḥ sudarśanam | pṛṣṭhato 'nvagamad rājan randhrānveṣī tadā sadā ||

രാജാവേ! അന്ന് ഗൃഹസ്ഥധർമ്മത്തിൽ സ്ഥിരനായിരുന്ന സുദർശനനെ ജയിക്കണമെന്നാഗ്രഹിച്ച മൃത്യു, അവനിൽ ഒരു ദോഷം തേടി, എപ്പോഴും അവന്റെ പിന്നാലെ തന്നെ പിന്തുടർന്നു.

जिगीषमाणःdesiring to conquer
जिगीषमाणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजि (धातु) → जिगीष (इच्छार्थक देशिदेरिवेटिव)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
गृहेin the house/home
गृहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तदाthen/at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
मृत्युःDeath (personified)
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुदर्शनम्Sudarsana (proper name)
सुदर्शनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुदर्शन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind/behind
पृष्ठतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठ
अन्वगमत्followed
अन्वगमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-गम् (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रन्ध्रान्वेषीseeking a flaw/opening
रन्ध्रान्वेषी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरन्ध्र + अन्वेषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen/at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Mṛtyu (Death, personified)
S
Sudarśana
R
Rājan (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)

Educational Q&A

Even while living the householder life, one must remain morally vigilant: Death (and, by extension, downfall) is portrayed as constantly seeking a ‘randhra’—a lapse or weakness—through which to defeat a person. Dharma is maintained by steady self-control and careful avoidance of faults.

Bhīṣma describes how Death, intent on conquering Sudarśana, follows him closely and continually looks for an opening—some defect in conduct—by which to gain power over him, highlighting Sudarśana’s steadfastness in gṛhastha-dharma.