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Shloka 31

मनुष्या यदि वा देवा: शरीरमुपताप्य वै | धर्मिण: सुखमेधन्ते लोभद्वेषविवर्जिता:,मनुष्य हों या देवता, जो शरीरको कष्ट देकर भी धर्माचरणमें लगे रहते हैं तथा लोभ और द्वेषका त्याग कर देते हैं, वे सुखी होते हैं

manuṣyā yadi vā devāḥ śarīram upatāpya vai | dharmiṇaḥ sukham edhante lobha-dveṣa-vivarjitāḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—മനുഷ്യരായാലും ദേവന്മാരായാലും, തപസ്സും നിയന്ത്രണവും കൊണ്ട് ശരീരത്തെ കഷ്ടപ്പെടുത്തി പോലും ധർമ്മാചരണത്തിൽ നിലകൊള്ളുകയും ലോഭദ്വേഷങ്ങൾ ഉപേക്ഷിക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നവർ സുഖത്തിലും ക്ഷേമത്തിലും വളരുന്നു.

मनुष्याःmen, humans
मनुष्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शरीरम्the body
शरीरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपताप्यhaving afflicted/tormented
उपताप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-तप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Active
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
धर्मिणःrighteous, practicing dharma
धर्मिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सुखम्happiness, well-being
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एधन्तेprosper, thrive
एधन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootएध्
FormPresent, लट्, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
लोभ-द्वेष-विवर्जिताःfree from greed and hatred
लोभ-द्वेष-विवर्जिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविवर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
manuṣyāḥ (humans)
D
devāḥ (gods)
Ś
śarīra (body)

Educational Q&A

Happiness is not secured by indulgence but by dharma supported by self-discipline: even if bodily hardship is involved, those who live righteously and abandon greed (lobha) and hatred (dveṣa) flourish in true well-being.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on righteous living. Here he generalizes a moral principle: across beings—human or divine—ethical conduct joined with freedom from greed and hatred results in lasting happiness.