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Shloka 141

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

जब गृहस्थोंके यहाँ रसोईघरका धुआँ निकलना बंद हो जाय

yadā gṛhasthānāṃ gṛheṣu mahānasa-dhūmo niḥsaraṇaṃ nivartate, musalena dhānya-kuṭanasyāpi śabdo na śrūyate—sarvatra śāntiḥ syāt; cullī-agniḥ praśāmyati; gṛhasthāḥ sarve bhojanaṃ kṛtvā nivṛttāḥ syuḥ; bhājanānāṃ paritaḥ parivahanaṃ na pravartate; bhikṣavaś ca bhikṣāṃ yācitvā nivṛttā bhavanti—tāvat kālaṃ ṛṣīn atithīṃś ca pratīkṣeta, tataḥ śeṣa-bhūtaṃ annaṃ svayaṃ gṛhṇīyāt. evaṃ kṛtvā satya-dharme ’nurāgī śāntaḥ puruṣo muni-dharma-yukto bhavati, muni-dharma-pālanasya phalaṃ labhate. yasya darpo nāsti nābhimānaḥ, yo na aprasannaḥ na vismitaḥ, yaḥ śatru-mitrayoḥ samadarśī sarva-bhūteṣu maitrī-bhāvaṃ dhārayati, sa eva dharma-vettṛṣu uttama ṛṣiḥ.

ഗൃഹസ്ഥന്റെ വീട്ടിൽ അടുക്കളപ്പുക ഉയരുന്നത് നിൽക്കുകയും, ഉരൽ‑മുസലിന്റെ ശബ്ദം കേൾക്കാതെയും നിശ്ശബ്ദം പടരുകയും; അടുപ്പിലെ തീ കെട്ടുകയും; വീട്ടിലെ എല്ലാവരും ഭക്ഷണം കഴിച്ചു തീർക്കുകയും; പാത്രങ്ങൾ ഇങ്ങോട്ടും അങ്ങോട്ടും കൊണ്ടുപോകൽ നിൽക്കുകയും; ഭിക്ഷുക്കളും ഭിക്ഷ തേടി മടങ്ങിപ്പോയിരിക്കയും ചെയ്താൽ—അത്തരം സമയമെത്തുന്നതുവരെ ഗൃഹസ്ഥൻ ഋഷികളെയും അതിഥികളെയും കാത്തിരിക്കണം; പിന്നെ ശേഷിക്കുന്ന അന്നം സംയമത്തോടെ താനേ സ്വീകരിക്കണം. ഇങ്ങനെ ചെയ്താൽ സത്യധർമ്മത്തിൽ അനുരാഗമുള്ള ശാന്തൻ മുനിധർമ്മത്തോട് യുക്തനായി അതിന്റെ ഫലം പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു. ഗർവ്വ‑അഭിമാനം ഇല്ലാത്തവൻ, അസന്തോഷം കാണിക്കാത്തവൻ, അത്ഭുതം കാട്ടി സ്വയംപ്രദർശനം ചെയ്യാത്തവൻ, മിത്ര‑ശത്രുക്കളെ സമമായി കാണുകയും എല്ലാവരോടും മൈത്രി പുലർത്തുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ—അവനാണ് ധർമ്മവിദന്മാരിൽ ഉത്തമൻ, യഥാർത്ഥ ഋഷി.

यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
गृहस्थेषुamong householders / in householders' homes
गृहस्थेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
धूमःsmoke
धूमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधूम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निष्क्रामतिgoes out / issues forth
निष्क्रामति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-क्रम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मुसलात्from the pestle
मुसलात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमुसल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
शब्दःsound
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्रूयतेis heard
श्रूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada (Passive sense)
शान्तम्quiet
शान्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशान्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes / is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ज्वलतिburns
ज्वलति:
TypeVerb
Rootज्वल्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भुक्तम्eaten / (meal) finished
भुक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormPast passive participle, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
भवतिis
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भाजनानाम्of the vessels
भाजनानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभाजन
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
चेष्टाmovement / activity
चेष्टा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेष्टा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रवर्ततेgoes on / proceeds
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
भिक्षवःbeggars
भिक्षवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभिक्षु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निवृत्ताःhave returned / withdrawn
निवृत्ताः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वृत्
FormPast active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिare
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तावत्until then / up to that time
तावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत्
ऋषिःa sage
ऋषिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अतिथीनाम्of guests
अतिथीनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रतीक्षाम्waiting
प्रतीक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतीक्षा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen / thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
शेषम्remaining
शेषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशेष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
स्वयम्oneself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
भुञ्जीतshould eat
भुञ्जीत:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
सत्यधर्मेin true dharma
सत्यधर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्यधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अनुरागीdevoted / attached
अनुरागी:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुरागिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शान्तःcalm
शान्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिधर्मयुक्तःendowed with the sage's dharma
मुनिधर्मयुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमुनिधर्मयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गर्वःpride
गर्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभिमानःself-conceit
अभिमानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रसन्नःdispleased / dejected
अप्रसन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रसन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विस्मितःastonished / perturbed
विस्मितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविस्मित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शत्रुमित्रेenemy and friend
शत्रुमित्रे:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुमित्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
समेequal
समे:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
पश्यतिsees / regards
पश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वेषुtowards all / in all
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
मैत्रीम्friendliness
मैत्रीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमैत्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
विन्दतिfinds / possesses
विन्दति:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (लभ्-अर्थे)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मवित्knower of dharma
धर्मवित्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वरःexcellent / best
वरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋषिःsage
ऋषिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī-Maheśvara (speaker)
G
gṛhastha (householder)
ṛṣi (sages)
A
atithi (guests)
B
bhikṣu (mendicants)
M
mahānasa (kitchen)
D
dhūma (smoke)
M
musala (pestle)
C
cullī-agni (hearth-fire)
B
bhājana (vessels/utensils)
A
anna (food)

Educational Q&A

A householder should prioritize hospitality and almsgiving: wait until the day’s opportunities to feed sages, guests, and mendicants have passed, and only then eat what remains. The deeper ethic is humility and universal friendliness—freedom from pride, steady composure, and equal regard for friend and enemy—presented as the mark of a true knower of dharma.

Maheshvara instructs on proper conduct for householders. He describes practical signs that the household’s meal-service has ended (no kitchen smoke, no pounding, fire out, utensils stilled, beggars gone) and says one should keep watch for late-arriving sages/guests until then. He concludes by defining the inner qualities that complete this outer practice: egolessness, emotional steadiness, impartiality, and benevolence.