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Shloka 20

Viṣṇu-sahasranāma—Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Recitation (विष्णोर्नामसहस्रम्)

अयं चैवापरो धर्मश्नित्रगुप्तेन भाषित:

ayaṃ caivāparo dharmaḥ śnitraguptena bhāṣitaḥ

യമൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഇതും ധർമ്മത്തിന്റെ മറ്റൊരു നിയമമാണ്; ശ്നിത്രഗുപ്തൻ പ്രസ്താവിച്ചതാണ് ഇത്.

अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अपरःanother/second
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःdharma; duty; righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्नित्रगुप्तेनby Śnitragupta (name)
श्नित्रगुप्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun (Proper name)
Rootश्नित्रगुप्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भाषितःspoken/said
भाषितः:
TypeVerb (Past passive participle)
Rootभाष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (PPP)

यम उवाच

यम (Yama)
श्नित्रगुप्त (Śnitragupta)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames dharma as a body of authoritative teachings: Yama introduces an additional principle of righteous conduct and grounds it in a prior declaration by Śnitragupta, emphasizing that ethical norms are transmitted and validated through respected sources.

In Yama’s discourse within the Anuśāsana Parva, he transitions to a further point—announcing that what follows is ‘another dharma’—and attributes it to Śnitragupta, signaling a citation or continuation of an established moral instruction.