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Shloka 51

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

जो मनुष्य गायकी पीठ छूता और उसकी पूँछको नमस्कार करता है, वह मानो उपर्युक्त तीर्थोमें तीन दिनतक उपवासपूर्वक रहकर स्नान कर लेता है ।।

yo manuṣyo gāyakyāḥ pīṭhaṃ spṛśati tasyāś ca pucchaṃ namaskaroti sa manye uparyukteṣu tīrtheṣu tridinopavāsapūrvakaṃ snānaṃ kṛtavān bhavati || tato vidyutprabho vākyam abhyabhāṣata vāsavam | ayaṃ sūkṣmataro dharmas taṃ nibodha śatakrato ||

ഇന്ദ്രൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഗോവിന്റെ വിശ്രമസ്ഥലം/ആസനം സ്പർശിച്ച് അതിന്റെ വാലിന് നമസ്കരിക്കുന്നവൻ, മുൻപറഞ്ഞ തീർത്ഥങ്ങളിൽ മൂന്നു ദിവസം ഉപവാസത്തോടെ സ്നാനം ചെയ്തതുപോലെ പുണ്യം നേടുന്നു. തുടർന്ന് വിദ്യുത്പ്രഭൻ വാസവനോട് (ഇന്ദ്രനോട്) പറഞ്ഞു—ശതക്രതോ! ഇതു ധർമ്മത്തിന്റെ അതിലും സൂക്ഷ്മമായ വിഷയമാണ്; അതിനെ നന്നായി ഗ്രഹിക്ക.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
विद्युत्-प्रभःhe whose splendor is like lightning
विद्युत्-प्रभः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्युत्प्रभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech/words
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभ्यभाषतspoke/addressed
अभ्यभाषत:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वासवम्to Vāsava (Indra)
वासवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवासव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सूक्ष्मतरःmore subtle
सूक्ष्मतरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Comparative
धर्मःdharma/duty
धर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्that/it
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निबोधunderstand/know
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative (Loṭ), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
शतक्रतोO Śatakratu (Indra, 'of a hundred rites')
शतक्रतो:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootशतक्रतु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
V
Vāsava (Indra)
Ś
Śatakratu (Indra)
V
Vidyutprabha
C
Cow (go)
T
Tīrthas (sacred bathing places)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that simple acts of reverence toward the cow—touching her resting-place and bowing to her tail—are credited with merit comparable to demanding pilgrimage austerities (three days of fasting and bathing at sacred tīrthas). It also hints that dharma includes subtle, inwardly oriented principles beyond external ritual.

Indra (Śakra/Vāsava/Śatakratu) states the spiritual fruit of honoring the cow in a specific way. Immediately afterward, Vidyutprabha speaks to Indra, indicating that an even more nuanced explanation of dharma is to follow.