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Shloka 62

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

मातापितरावाक़ुश्य सारिक: सम्प्रजायते । ताडयित्वा तु तावेव जायते कच्छपो नृूप

mātāpitarāv ākruśya śārikaḥ samprajāyate | tāḍayitvā tu tāv eva jāyate kacchapo nṛpa ||

യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—മാതാപിതാക്കളെ നിന്ദിക്കുകയോ കടുവാക്കുകളാൽ ശപിക്കുകയോ ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ പുനർജന്മത്തിൽ മൈനാപക്ഷിയായി ജനിക്കുന്നു. നരേശ്വരാ! അതേ മാതാപിതാക്കളെ പ്രഹരിക്കുന്നവൻ ആമയായി (കച്ചപം) ജനിക്കുന്നു.

मातापितरौmother and father (parents)
मातापितरौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ + पितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
आकुश्यhaving abused
आकुश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + कुश्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having abused/insulted
सारिकःa myna (bird)
सारिकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसारिका
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्प्रजायतेis born / comes to be born
सम्प्रजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + जन्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Ātmanepada
ताडयित्वाhaving beaten
ताडयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootताड्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), having struck/beaten
तुbut/and (emphatic)
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तौthose two (them)
तौ:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जायतेis born
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Ātmanepada
कच्छपःa tortoise
कच्छपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकच्छप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
N
nṛpa (king, addressee)
M
mātā (mother)
P
pitā (father)
Ś
śārika (myna-bird)
K
kacchapa (tortoise)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that disrespect toward parents—especially abusive speech and physical violence—constitutes grave adharma with karmic consequences, expressed through symbolic rebirths (myna-bird for verbal abuse; tortoise for striking).

In a dharma-instruction context of the Anuśāsana Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira states a moral rule about conduct toward parents, warning the kingly listener that insulting or harming one’s parents leads to degraded rebirths.