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Shloka 121

ज्येष्ठ-कनिष्ठ-धर्मः — Duties of Elders and Juniors

Anuśāsana-parva 108

शेषाणि चैव पानानि पानीयं चापि भोजने । भरतनन्दन! रातमें सत्तू खाना सर्वथा वर्जित है। अन्न-भोजनके पश्चात्‌ जो पीनेयोग्य पदार्थ और जल शेष रह जाते हैं, उनका भी त्याग कर देना चाहिये ।।

śeṣāṇi caiva pānāni pānīyaṃ cāpi bhojane | bharatanandana! rātrau sattu-khādanaṃ sarvathā varjitam | anna-bhojanake paścāt yo pīneyogya-padārthaḥ jalaṃ ca śiṣyate, tasya api tyāgaḥ kartavyaḥ || sauhityaṃ na ca kartavyaṃ rātrī na ca samācaret ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ ഭരതനന്ദനാ! രാത്രിയിൽ സത്തു (സട്ടൂ) കഴിക്കൽ പൂർണ്ണമായും വർജ്ജ്യം. ഭക്ഷണത്തിനു ശേഷം ശേഷിക്കുന്ന പാനീയവസ്തുക്കളെയും വെള്ളത്തെയും പോലും ഉപേക്ഷിക്കണം. അതിതൃപ്തിയോളം ഭക്ഷിക്കരുത്; രാത്രിയിൽ ഇത്തരത്തിലുള്ള ആചാരങ്ങളും അനുഷ്ഠിക്കരുത്।

शेषाणिremaining, leftover
शेषाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशेष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पानानिdrinks, potable items
पानानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पानीयम्drinking-water, potable water
पानीयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपानीय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भोजनेin/at the meal, during eating
भोजने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सौहित्यम्full satiety, overeating to fullness
सौहित्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौहित्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कर्तव्यम्should be done (is to be done)
कर्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formgerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (obligation)
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समाचरेत्should practice/perform
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + चर्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Optative (injunctive sense: should), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bharatanandana (Yudhiṣṭhira)
S
sattu
W
water (jala)
D
drinks (pānāni/pānīyam)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches moderation and disciplined conduct regarding food: avoid certain foods at night (specifically sattu), do not eat to complete satiety, and renounce leftover drink and water after a meal—emphasizing restraint, cleanliness, and regulated living as part of dharma.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and right conduct. Here he gives practical guidance on proper dietary behavior and night-time discipline, framing everyday habits as ethical practice.