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Shloka 38

उपदेशदोषप्रसङ्गः (Upadeśa-doṣa-prasaṅgaḥ) — The Risk of Misapplied Counsel

तात! इसी प्रकार वे ऋषि भी कालधर्म-मृत्युको प्राप्त हुए। भरतश्रेष्ठ! वे ही ऋषि दूसरे जन्ममें उसी राजवंशके पुरोहितके कुलमें उत्पन्न हुए। इस प्रकार वह शूद्र और वे मुनि दोनों ही वहाँ उत्पन्न हुए, क्रमश: बढ़े और सब प्रकारकी विद्याओंमें निपुण हो गये ।।

tāta! evaṃprakāreṇa te ṛṣayo 'pi kāladharma-mṛtyuṃ prāptāḥ | bharataśreṣṭha! te eva ṛṣayaḥ dvitīye janmani tasmin rājavaṃśe purohitasya kule utpannāḥ | evaṃ sa śūdraś ca te munayaś ca ubhau tatra utpannau, kramaśaḥ vavṛdhāte, sarvaprakārāsu vidyāsu nipuṇābhavatām || atharvavede vede ca babhūvarṣiḥ suniṣṭhitaḥ | kalpaprayoge cotpanne jyotiṣe ca paraṃ gataḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—“മകനേ! അതുപോലെ തന്നേ ആ ഋഷിമാരും കാലധർമ്മത്തിന്റെ നിയമപ്രകാരം മരണത്തെ പ്രാപിച്ചു. ഭരതശ്രേഷ്ഠാ! ആ തന്നേ ഋഷിമാർ പിന്നീടൊരു ജന്മത്തിൽ അതേ രാജവംശത്തിന്റെ പുരോഹിതകുടുംബത്തിൽ ജനിച്ചു. ഇങ്ങനെ ആ ശൂദ്രനും ആ മുനിമാരും—ഇരുവരും അവിടെ ജനിച്ച്, കാലക്രമത്തിൽ വളർന്ന്, എല്ലാ വിധ വിദ്യകളിലും നിപുണരായി. അവൻ അഥർവവേദത്തിലും വൈദികജ്ഞാനത്തിലും ഉറച്ചുനിന്ന ഋഷിയായി; കല്പപ്രയോഗത്തിലും ജ്യോതിഷശാസ്ത്രത്തിലും പരമ പ്രാവീണ്യം നേടി।”

अथर्ववेदेin the Atharvaveda
अथर्ववेदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअथर्ववेद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वेदेin the Veda
वेदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बभूवbecame/was
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ऋषिःa sage
ऋषिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुनिष्ठितःwell-accomplished/firmly established
सुनिष्ठितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-निष्ठित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कल्पप्रयोगेin the application of ritual procedure (kalpa-prayoga)
कल्पप्रयोगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकल्पप्रयोग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उत्पन्नेin (that which is) arisen/produced
उत्पन्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्-√पद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
ज्योतिषेin astronomy/astrology (jyotiṣa)
ज्योतिषे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिष्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परम्the highest (state/goal)
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गतःhaving gone/attained
गतः:
TypeVerb
Root√गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past active participle (kta)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
ṛṣayaḥ (sages)
M
munayaḥ (ascetics)
Ś
śūdra (a Śūdra person)
B
bharataśreṣṭha (addressee from Bharata line)
P
purohita (royal priest)
R
rājavaṃśa (royal dynasty)
A
Atharvaveda
V
Veda (Vedic learning)
K
Kalpa
J
Jyotiṣa

Educational Q&A

The passage emphasizes kāladharma—the inevitability of death under time’s law—and the continuity of moral and intellectual development across rebirths. It also highlights that learning and ritual competence (Veda, Kalpa, Jyotiṣa) can be attained through disciplined growth, regardless of prior circumstances, within the framework of karmic return.

Bhīṣma explains that certain sages died according to the natural course of time and were then reborn in a later life within the family of a royal priest. Along with a Śūdra born there, they grew up step by step and became accomplished in many disciplines; one is described as becoming firmly established in Atharvavedic and Vedic learning and excelling in ritual procedure and Jyotiṣa.