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Shloka 49

Prāyaścitta for Mahāpātakas: Liquor, Theft, Sexual Transgression, Contact with the Fallen, and Homicide

वैश्यां हत्वा प्रमादेन किञ्चिद् दद्याद् द्विजातये / अन्त्यजानां वधे चैव कुर्याच्चान्द्रायणं व्रतम् / पराकेणाथवा शुद्धिरित्याह भगवानजः

vaiśyāṃ hatvā pramādena kiñcid dadyād dvijātaye / antyajānāṃ vadhe caiva kuryāccāndrāyaṇaṃ vratam / parākeṇāthavā śuddhirityāha bhagavānajaḥ

അശ്രദ്ധമൂലം വൈശ്യസ്ത്രീയെ കൊന്നാൽ ദ്വിജൻ എന്തെങ്കിലും ദാനം നൽകണം. അന്ത്യജരെ കൊന്നാൽ ചാന്ദ്രായണ വ്രതമോ പരാക വ്രതമോ അനുഷ്ഠിച്ചാൽ ശുദ്ധി ലഭിക്കുമെന്ന് ഭഗവാൻ ബ്രഹ്മാവ് അരുളിച്ചെയ്തിരിക്കുന്നു.

vaiśyāma Vaiśya woman
vaiśyām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (singular)
hatvāhaving killed
hatvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
TypeVerb
Roothan (हन् धातु)
FormKtvā-pratyaya (क्त्वा), Absolutive/Gerund (त्वान्त), pūrvakāla-kriyā (prior action)
pramādenathrough negligence
pramādena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpramāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana
kiñcitsomething (a little)
kiñcit:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkiñcit (सर्वनाम/अव्ययप्राय प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd), Ekavacana; aniyata-pramāṇa (indefinite)
dadyātshould give
dadyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (दा धातु)
FormVidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
dvijātayeto a twice-born (Brāhmaṇa etc.)
dvijātaye:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootdvijā́ti (द्विजाति प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Caturthī vibhakti (4th/चतुर्थी), Ekavacana; samāsa: dvi-ja + jāti (determinative)
antyajānāmof outcastes
antyajānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootantyaja (अन्त्यज प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी), Bahuvacana; samāsa: antya + ja (born in the last/lowest)
vadhein the killing
vadhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvadha (वध प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Saptamī vibhakti (7th/सप्तमी), Ekavacana; viṣaya/adhikaraṇa sense (in the case of)
caand
ca:
Sambandha-sūcaka (सम्बन्धसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (च अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात; conjunction)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (एव अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण-निपात; emphatic particle)
kuryātshould perform
kuryāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ धातु)
FormVidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्, optative), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
cāndrāyaṇamthe Cāndrāyaṇa penance
cāndrāyaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootcāndrāyaṇa (चान्द्रायण प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd), Ekavacana; samāsa: candra + āyaṇa (lunar observance)
vratamvow/observance
vratam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvrata (व्रत प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd), Ekavacana; apposition to cāndrāyaṇam
parākeṇaby the Parāka (austerity)
parākeṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootparāka (पराक प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (3rd), Ekavacana; instrument/means
athavāor
athavā:
Sambandha-sūcaka (सम्बन्धसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootathavā (अथवा अव्यय)
FormVikalpa-nipāta (विकल्प-निपात; disjunctive particle)
śuddhiḥpurification
śuddhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśuddhi (शुद्धि प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-sūcaka (वाक्यार्थसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (इति अव्यय)
FormIti-śabda (quotative particle)
āhasaid
āha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootah (अह्/आह् धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (भगवत् प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti (1st), Ekavacana
ajaḥthe Unborn (Aja)
ajaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootaja (अज प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti (1st), Ekavacana; epithet in apposition to bhagavān

Bhagavān Aja (the Unborn Lord, i.e., Lord Viṣṇu as Kūrma in the teaching context)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

B
Bhagavān Aja
D
Dvija
V
Vaiśyā
A
Antyaja
C
Cāndrāyaṇa Vrata
P
Parāka

FAQs

Indirectly: by calling the teacher “Aja” (Unborn), it points to the transcendent, birthless divine authority behind dharma; the verse itself focuses on karmic consequence and purification rather than explicit ātman-doctrine.

Not meditation directly, but vrata-discipline: Cāndrāyaṇa and Parāka are austerities that cultivate saṃyama (restraint) and śuddhi (purification), serving as ethical groundwork supportive of yogic life in the Kurma Purana’s broader teaching.

This verse does not explicitly discuss Śiva–Viṣṇu unity; it presents dharma as a single authoritative order taught by the “Unborn Lord,” consistent with the Purāṇa’s wider synthesis where divine instruction undergirds both ethical and spiritual practice.