Shloka 22

Babhruvāhana Meets a Preta: Vṛṣotsarga, Heirless Death, and the Signs of Preta-Affliction

दृष्ट्वा सो ऽपि चिरं भूपं तस्थौ स्थाणुपिवाग्रतः / तमवस्थितमालोक्य राजा प्राप्तकुतूहलः

dṛṣṭvā so 'pi ciraṃ bhūpaṃ tasthau sthāṇupivāgrataḥ / tamavasthitamālokya rājā prāptakutūhalaḥ

അവനും രാജാവിനെ ദീർഘനേരം നോക്കി, മുന്നിൽ തൂണുപോലെ അനങ്ങാതെ നിന്നു. അവൻ അങ്ങനെ നില്ക്കുന്നതു കണ്ട രാജാവിന് കൗതുകം നിറഞ്ഞു.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (also/even)
चिरम्for long
चिरम्:
Kala (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचिरम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक-प्रयोग)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (for a long time)
भूपम्the king
भूपम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
तस्थौstood
तस्थौ:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपदम्
स्थाणुःa post/pillar
स्थाणुः:
Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootस्थाणु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
इवlike
इव:
Upama-sambandha (Comparison/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमावाचक (comparative particle)
अग्रतःin front
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; स्थानवाचक (in front)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
अवस्थितम्standing/remaining
अवस्थितम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवस्थित (कृदन्त; स्था-धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
आलोक्यhaving looked at
आलोक्य:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootलोक् (धातु)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund: having looked at)
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
प्राप्तकुतूहलःhaving become curious
प्राप्तकुतूहलः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राप्त (कृदन्त; प्र+आप्-धातु) + कुतूहल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (कर्मधारय/उपपद-तत्पुरुषार्थः: प्राप्तं कुतूहलं यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

Narrator (Vishnu-to-Garuda discourse context, descriptive narration)

Afterlife Stage: Pretayoni

Concept: Before acting, one may suspend reaction and inquire; curiosity becomes the doorway to understanding subtle realities.

Vedantic Theme: viveka (discernment) arising from pause; turning from reactive fear to inquiry into tattva.

Application: When confronted with the unknown, stabilize attention, observe, and ask clarifying questions rather than escalating conflict.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: encounter spot on a path

Related Themes: Garuda Purana dialogues where inquiry to a preta yields instruction (contextual)

R
Raja (King)

FAQs

The king’s curiosity signals a turning point where an unusual encounter prompts inquiry—often leading to instruction on dharma, death rites, and the state of the departed (preta).

By portraying a silent, motionless figure before the king, the verse reflects the eerie, liminal condition typical of preta-journey episodes, setting up teachings about post-death states and the need for proper rites.

When confronted with death-related uncertainty, respond with inquiry and right action—seek scriptural guidance and perform appropriate śrāddha/ritual duties rather than ignoring signs or remaining indifferent.