Shloka 6

Karma, Varṇa-Dharma, and Dāna as the Soul’s True Companion on the Path to Yama

न मे ऽस्ति बन्धुर्यममार्गगामिनो मया न कृत्यं द्विजदेहलिप्सया / सम्प्राप्य विप्रत्वमतीव दुर्लभं नाधीतवान्वेदपुराणसंहिताः / प्राप्तं सुरत्नं करसंस्थितं गतं देहन्क्वचिन्निस्तर यत्त्वया कृतम्

na me 'sti bandhuryamamārgagāmino mayā na kṛtyaṃ dvijadehalipsayā / samprāpya vipratvamatīva durlabhaṃ nādhītavānvedapurāṇasaṃhitāḥ / prāptaṃ suratnaṃ karasaṃsthitaṃ gataṃ dehankvacinnistara yattvayā kṛtam

യമമാർഗ്ഗം പോകുന്ന എനിക്ക് യഥാർത്ഥ ബന്ധുവില്ല. ദ്വിജദേഹസുഖലോഭം മൂലം ചെയ്യേണ്ട കർത്തവ്യങ്ങൾ ഞാൻ ചെയ്തില്ല. അത്യന്തം ദുർലഭമായ വിപ്രത്വം ലഭിച്ചിട്ടും വേദപുരാണസംഹിതകൾ ഞാൻ പഠിച്ചില്ല. കൈയിലെത്തിയ അമൂല്യ രത്നം വഴുതിപ്പോയതുപോലെ ഈ ദേഹവും എവിടെയോ പോയി; ഇതുകൊണ്ട് നീ എന്ത് നിസ്താരം നേടി?

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
meof me / my
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; enclitic form
astiis/exists
asti:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
bandhuḥa kinsman/relative
bandhuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
yama-mārga-gāminaḥof one going on the path of Yama (to death)
yama-mārga-gāminaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक) + mārga (प्रातिपदिक) + gāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; qualifying bandhuḥ
mayāby me
mayā:
Karana (करण/instrument/agentive)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
kṛtyama duty / what should be done
kṛtyam:
Karma (कर्म/object/predicate complement)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; predicate noun ‘duty’
dvija-deha-lipsayāout of desire for a Brahmin body/status
dvija-deha-lipsayā:
Hetu (हेतु/cause)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक) + deha (प्रातिपदिक) + lipsā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; हेतौ (as cause/motive)
samprāpyahaving attained
samprāpya:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/preceding action)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√prāp (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having attained’
vipratvamBrahminhood
vipratvam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootvipratva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
atīvavery / exceedingly
atīva:
Visheshana (विशेषण/adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatīva (अव्यय)
Formअत्यर्थक-अव्यय (intensifier adverb)
durlabhamrare/hard to obtain
durlabham:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdurlabha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; vipratvam qualifies
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
adhītavān(I) have studied
adhītavān:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeVerb
Rootadhi-√i (धातु)
Formक्तवतु-प्रत्ययान्त (past active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘one who has studied’
veda-purāṇa-saṃhitāḥthe Vedas, Purāṇas, and Saṃhitās
veda-purāṇa-saṃhitāḥ:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootveda (प्रातिपदिक) + purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃhitā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formइतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; object of adhītavān
prāptamobtained
prāptam:
Karma (कर्म/predicate of suratnam)
TypeVerb
Root√prāp (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘obtained’
su-ratnama precious gem
su-ratnam:
Karma (कर्म/object/theme)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + ratna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
kara-saṃsthitamresting in the hand
kara-saṃsthitam:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootkara (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃsthita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः (locative relation: ‘in hand’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies suratnam
gatamgone/lost
gatam:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘gone/lost’
dehanbodies
dehan:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; (orthographic: देहान्)
kvacitsomewhere/at some time
kvacit:
Desha-Kala (देश-काल/adjunct)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
Formदेश/कालवाचक-अव्यय (indefinite adverb)
nistaracross over / deliver (yourself)
nistara:
Kriya (क्रिया/command)
TypeVerb
Rootniḥ-√tṝ (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
yatwhat/that which
yat:
Karma (कर्म/relative object)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय (relative pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karana (करण/agentive)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
kṛtamdone
kṛtam:
Karma (कर्म/predicate of yat)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with yat

Preta (departed soul) expressing remorse on the way to Yama; narrated within the Vishnu–Garuda dialogue context

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Concept: Human/brāhmaṇa birth is exceedingly rare and valuable; neglecting Veda-Purāṇa study and prescribed duties out of bodily greed results in spiritual bankruptcy at death.

Vedantic Theme: Durlabha-mānuṣya-janma and the urgency of sādhana; śāstra as pramāṇa; dehābhimāna (body-identification) as bondage.

Application: Treat education and spiritual practice as non-negotiable; schedule daily śāstra-svādhyāya and self-audit to prevent ‘jewel-in-hand’ loss.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: liminal road/route

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: repeated ‘durlabha’ motif of human birth and the necessity of śāstra, dāna, and bhakti before death; Garuda Purana: lamentations of the preta about missed svādhyāya and dāna

Y
Yama
V
Vedas
P
Puranas
B
Brahmana (Vipra/Dvija)

FAQs

This verse frames Veda–Purāṇa study as a core use of the rare human/brāhmaṇa life; neglecting it leads to remorse when one reaches Yama’s path, realizing the body was a “precious jewel” wasted.

It depicts the departed as already “going on Yama’s road,” feeling friendless and unprotected—highlighting that worldly supports fall away, and only dharma (fulfilled duties and right knowledge) can function as true aid.

Treat life as a rare opportunity: prioritize daily dharma (ethical conduct, duties), genuine learning (scripture or disciplined self-study), and reduce mere pleasure-seeking so that one meets death without regret.