Shloka 3

Determining Rites for Difficult/Inauspicious Deaths; Annual and Daily Śrāddha Rules

Devanagari script

अनग्नेश्च सुतौ स्यातामनग्नी क्षेत्रजोरसौ / एकोद्दिष्टं न कुर्यातां प्रत्यब्दं तौ तु पार्वणम्

Transliteration

anagneśca sutau syātāmanagnī kṣetrajorasau / ekoddiṣṭaṃ na kuryātāṃ pratyabdaṃ tau tu pārvaṇam

Translation

മൃതൻ അനഗ്നി (ഗൃഹ്യാഗ്നി പാലിക്കാത്തവൻ) ആണെങ്കിൽ, അവന്റെ രണ്ടു പുത്രന്മാർ—അനഗ്നിയും, ക്ഷേത്രജനും ഔരസനും—പ്രത്യാബ്ദം ഏകോദ്ദിഷ്ട ശ്രാദ്ധം ചെയ്യരുത്; അവർ ഓരോ വർഷവും പാർവണ ശ്രാദ്ധം ചെയ്യണം।

Word by Word

• अनग्नेः: of one without sacred fire
• अनग्नेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• सुतौ: two sons
• सुतौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• स्याताम्: may be / should be
• स्याताम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन; परस्मैपद

• अनग्नी: the two without sacred fire
• अनग्नी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; variant form for dual (anagnī)

• क्षेत्रजौ: the two kṣetraja sons
• क्षेत्रजौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षेत्रज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• रसौ: the two (Rasa)
• रसौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; paired designation with ‘क्षेत्रजौ’

• एकोद्दिष्टम्: ekoddiṣṭa rite
• एकोद्दिष्टम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक-उद्दिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Niṣedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• कुर्याताम्: the two should do
• कुर्याताम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन; आत्मनेपद

• प्रत्यब्दम्: every year
• प्रत्यब्दम्: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति-अब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्यय = ‘every year’

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; pronoun

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण/विरोध

• पार्वणम्: pārvaṇa rite
• पार्वणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्वण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: Pratyabda (annual)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Eligibility and substitution in ancestral rites: for an anagni deceased, certain sons are directed away from ekoddiṣṭa toward annual pārvaṇa.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma regulates social-ritual order; intention must be aligned with prescribed role to avoid pratyavāya (ritual fault).

Application: In complex family situations (adoption/appointment/irregular birth categories in śāstra terms), determine who performs which śrāddha type; when specified, perform annual pārvaṇa rather than ekoddiṣṭa.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: household ritual setting / sabhā of dharma deliberation

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 2.45.2-6 on ekoddiṣṭa/pārvaṇa distinctions and timing rules

Characters & Entities

• Pitris

FAQs

What is the importance of ekoddiṣṭa vs pārvaṇa śrāddha in the Garuda Purana?

This verse distinguishes eligibility and form: for certain sons connected with non-standard lineage situations, the text advises avoiding the single-ancestor ekoddiṣṭa and instead doing the collective ancestral rite (pārvaṇa) annually, emphasizing correct ritual form in pitṛ-karma.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana death rituals and ancestral offerings?

It gives a specific rule within śrāddha-dharma: who should perform which type of śrāddha for a deceased person, indicating that proper classification of the rite (ekoddiṣṭa or pārvaṇa) is part of the prescribed post-death ritual system.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing annual śrāddha, follow a qualified priest/tradition to choose the correct rite-type for one’s family situation; the takeaway is that ancestral rites are to be done with procedural accuracy and respect for dharma-based distinctions.